PHP是一種為我們熟知的通用服務器網頁腳本語言。非常多的在線網站都是用PHP編寫的。PHP這些年來一直在持續進化,豐富其功能,變得易於使 用,更好地組織的腳本語言。目前PHP的開發團隊正籌備下一個PHP版本的發行,名字是PHP 7。現在的PHP版本為PHP 5.6,可能你清楚PHP 6已經流產了,PHP 7的支持者們不希望下一個重要的版本被其他分支混淆,即過去已經停止很久的PHP 6。所以決定下一個PHP主要的發行版本叫PHP 7,而不是PHP 6。PHP 7.0預計在今年十一月份發行。
在下一代主要PHP版本裡有一些不錯的功能:
讓我們來看看怎樣在CentOS 7和Fedora 21安裝PHP7。為了安裝PHP7,我們首先需要克隆php-src 倉庫。當克隆工作完成,我們再配置和編譯它。進行下一步之前,我們要確保已經在LInux系統下安裝了如下的組件,否則PHP編譯會返回錯誤中止。
所有上面提到的要求可以使用Yum軟件包管理器安裝。以下一條命令即可完成:
yum install git autoconf gcc bison
准備好開始安裝PHP7了嗎?讓我們先創建一個PHP7目錄,作為你的當前工作目錄。
mkdir php7 cd php7
現在克隆php-src倉庫,在終端裡運行下面的命令。
git clone https://git.php.net/repository/php-src.git
工作應該會在幾分鐘後完成,這裡是一個樣例輸出,你應該會在任務完成時看見。
[root@localhost php7]# git clone https://git.php.net/repository/php-src.git Cloning into 'php-src'... remote: Counting objects: 615064, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (127800/127800), done. remote: Total 615064 (delta 492063), reused 608718 (delta 485944) Receiving objects: 100% (615064/615064), 152.32 MiB | 16.97 MiB/s, done. Resolving deltas: 100% (492063/492063), done.
讓我們來配置,編譯PHP7,在終端運行下面的命令,開始配置工作:
cd php-src ./buildconf
下面是./buildconf命令的樣例輸出。
[root@localhost php-src]# ./buildconf buildconf: checking installation... buildconf: autoconf version 2.69 (ok) rebuilding aclocal.m4 rebuilding configure rebuilding main/php_config.h.in
使用下面的命令,繼續配置進程:
./configure \ --prefix=$HOME/php7/usr \ --with-config-file-path=$HOME/php7/usr/etc \ --enable-mbstring \ --enable-zip \ --enable-bcmath \ --enable-pcntl \ --enable-ftp \ --enable-exif \ --enable-calendar \ --enable-sysvmsg \ --enable-sysvsem \ --enable-sysvshm \ --enable-wddx \ --with-curl \ --with-mcrypt \ --with-iconv \ --with-gmp \ --with-pspell \ --with-gd \ --with-jpeg-dir=/usr \ --with-png-dir=/usr \ --with-zlib-dir=/usr \ --with-xpm-dir=/usr \ --with-freetype-dir=/usr \ --with-t1lib=/usr \ --enable-gd-native-ttf \ --enable-gd-jis-conv \ --with-openssl \ --with-mysql=/usr \ --with-pdo-mysql=/usr \ --with-gettext=/usr \ --with-zlib=/usr \ --with-bz2=/usr \ --with-recode=/usr \ --with-mysqli=/usr/bin/mysql_config
這會花去不少的時間,當完成後你應該會看到如下面的輸出:
creating libtool appending configuration tag "CXX" to libtool Generating files configure: creating ./config.status creating main/internal_functions.c creating main/internal_functions_cli.c +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ | License: | | This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this | | distribution in the file LICENSE. By continuing this installation | | process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement. | | If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort | | the installation process at this point. | +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ Thank you for using PHP. config.status: creating php7.spec config.status: creating main/build-defs.h config.status: creating scripts/phpize config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1 config.status: creating scripts/php-config config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1 config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1 config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1 config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1 config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1 config.status: creating main/php_config.h config.status: executing default commands
運行下面的命令,完成編譯過程。
make
“make”命令的樣例輸出如下所示:
Generating phar.php Generating phar.phar PEAR package PHP_Archive not installed: generated phar will require PHP's phar extension be enabled. clicommand.inc directorytreeiterator.inc directorygraphiterator.inc pharcommand.inc invertedregexiterator.inc phar.inc Build complete. Don't forget to run 'make test'.
活兒干完了,該安裝PHP7了,運行下面的命令安裝它。
make install
成功安裝的進程的樣例輸出應該像這樣:
[root@localhost php-src]# make install Installing shared extensions: /root/php7/usr/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20141001/ Installing PHP CLI binary: /root/php7/usr/bin/ Installing PHP CLI man page: /root/php7/usr/php/man/man1/ Installing PHP CGI binary: /root/php7/usr/bin/ Installing PHP CGI man page: /root/php7/usr/php/man/man1/ Installing build environment: /root/php7/usr/lib/php/build/ Installing header files: /root/php7/usr/include/php/ Installing helper programs: /root/php7/usr/bin/ program: phpize program: php-config Installing man pages: /root/php7/usr/php/man/man1/ page: phpize.1 page: php-config.1 Installing PEAR environment: /root/php7/usr/lib/php/ [PEAR] Archive_Tar - installed: 1.3.13 [PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.3.1 [PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.0.4 [PEAR] XML_Util - installed: 1.2.3 [PEAR] PEAR - installed: 1.9.5 Wrote PEAR system config file at: /root/php7/usr/etc/pear.conf You may want to add: /root/php7/usr/lib/php to your php.ini include_path /root/php7/php-src/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /root/php7/usr/bin ln -s -f /root/php7/usr/bin/phar.phar /root/php7/usr/bin/phar Installing PDO headers: /root/php7/usr/include/php/ext/pdo/
恭喜你,PHP7已經安裝在你的Linux系統上了。安裝完後,進入PHP7安裝文件裡的sapi/cli裡面。
cd sapi/cli
驗證一下PHP的版本。
[root@localhost cli]# ./php -v PHP 7.0.0-dev (cli) (built: Mar 28 2015 00:54:11) Copyright (c) 1997-2015 The PHP Group Zend Engine v3.0.0-dev, Copyright (c) 1998-2015 Zend Technologies