memcached安裝詳解

1、下載, memcached需要先安裝libevent

memcached的下載地址:http://danga.com/memcached/download.bml
libevent的下載地址 :http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/

2、安裝libevent

# tar xvf libevent-1.4.4-stable.tar.gz     
# cd libevent-1.4.4-stable    
# ./configure --prefix= /opt/cuix/3rdParty/libevent-1.4.4    
# make    
# make install

檢查是否安裝成功:

#cd /opt/cuix/3rdParty/libevent-1.4.4/lib

如果有：

libevent-1.4.so.2
libevent-1.4.so.2.0.0
libevent.a
libevent.la
libevent.so

這幾個文件存在，說明安裝成功。

3、安裝memcached

# tar xvf memcached-1.2.5.tar.gz     
# cd memcached-1.2.5   
# ./configure --with-libevent=/opt/cuix/3rdParty/libevent-1.4.4  --prefix=/opt/cuix/3rdParty/memcached-1.2.5    
# make    
# make install

檢查是否安裝成功:

# cd 3rdParty/memcached-1.2.5/bin

如果memcached 和memcached-debug這2個文件存在，說明安裝成功

4、執行

# cd /opt/cuix/3rdParty/memcached-1.2.5/bin    
# ./memcached -h

如果出現：

memcached 1.2.5
   -p <num>      TCP port number to listen on (default: 11211)
   -U <num>      UDP port number to listen on (default: 0, off)
   -s <file>     unix socket path to listen on (disables network support)
   -a <mask>     access mask for unix socket, in octal (default 0700)
   -l <ip_addr>  interface to listen on, default is INDRR_ANY
   -d            run as a daemon
   -r            maximize core file limit
   -u <username> assume identity of <username> (only when run as root)
   -m <num>      max memory to use for items in megabytes, default is 64 MB
   -M            return error on memory exhausted (rather than removing items)
   -c <num>      max simultaneous connections, default is 1024
   -k            lock down all paged memory.  Note that there is a
                 limit on how much memory you may lock.  Trying to
                 allocate more than that would fail, so be sure you
                 set the limit correctly for the user you started
                 the daemon with (not for -u <username> user;
                 under sh this is done with 'ulimit -S -l NUM_KB').
   -v            verbose (print errors/warnings while in event loop)
   -vv           very verbose (also print client commands/reponses)
   -h            print this help and exit
   -i            print memcached and libevent license
   -b            run a managed instanced (mnemonic: buckets)
   -P <file>     save PID in <file>, only used with -d option
   -f <factor>   chunk size growth factor, default 1.25
   -n <bytes>    minimum space allocated for key+value+flags, default 48

說明安裝成功，並且路徑配置正確。
有可能會出現：

memcached: error while loading shared libraries: libevent-1.4.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

說明沒有找到文件：libevent-1.4.so.2

解決辦法：
將libevent-1.4.so.2拷貝到任何一個列出的lib下或者軟鏈接就可以了。
或者 修改.profile文件。加入：

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/lib:/opt/cuix/3rdParty/libevent-1.4.4/lib

啟動服務：

./memcached -d -m 10 -u cuix -l 10.3.2.36 -p 18887 -c 256 -P /tmp/memcached.pid

參數說明:
-d選項是啟動一個守護進程
-m是分配給Memcache使用的內存數量，單位是MB，我這裡是10MB
-u是運行Memcache的用戶，我這裡是root
-l是監聽的服務器IP地址
-p是設置Memcache監聽的端口,最好是1024以上的端口
-c選項是最大運行的並發連接數，默認是1024，按照你服務器的負載量來設定
-P是設置保存Memcache的pid文件

停止服務：
用# ps -e 查看進程，# kill pid memcached的進程號。