有時候為了方便源碼包的安裝，我們需要自己訂制軟件包的需求，我們會把一些源碼包按照我們的需求來做成rpm包，當有了源碼包就可以直接編譯得到二 進制安裝包和其他任意包。spec file是制作rpm包最核心的部分，rpm包的制作就是根據spec file來實現的。下面是我以制作php的rpm開始介紹其制作方法。以下操作在CentOS6.6 64位系統進行。
下面我們以制作php的rpm開始介紹其制作方法。以下操作在CentOS6.6 64位系統進行。
[[email protected] SOURCES]# yum -y install rpm-build
[[email protected] SOURCES]# vim ~/.rpmmacros %_topdir /root/rpmbuild
[[email protected] SOURCES]# mkdir -pv ~/rpmbuild/{BUILD,RPMS,SOURCES,SPECS,SRPMS}
在redhat下，rpm包的默認制作路徑在/usr/src/redhat下,但CentOS並沒有該目錄，因此，我們不得不自定義工作目錄，這其中包含了6個目錄（要求全部大寫）
BUILD：源代碼解壓以後放的位置 RPMS：制作完成後的rpm包存放目錄，為特定平台指定子目錄（x86_64） SOURCES：收集的源文件，源材料，補丁文件等存放位置 SPECS：存放spec文件，作為制作rpm包的領崗文件，以rpm名.spec SRPMS：src格式的rpm包位置 ，既然是src格式的包，就沒有平台的概念了 BuiltRoot：假根，使用install臨時安裝到這個目錄，把這個目錄當作根來用的，所以在這個目錄下的目錄文件，才是真正的目錄文件。當打包完成後，在清理階段，這個目錄將被刪除
[[email protected] SOURCES]# rpmbuild --showrc | grep topdir #工作車間目錄：_topdir /root/rpmbuild -14: _builddir %{_topdir}/BUILD -14: _buildrootdir %{_topdir}/BUILDROOT -14: _rpmdir %{_topdir}/RPMS -14: _sourcedir %{_topdir}/SOURCES -14: _specdir %{_topdir}/SPECS -14: _srcrpmdir %{_topdir}/SRPMS -14: _topdir /root/rpmbuild
rpmbuild –showrc顯示所有的宏，以下劃線開頭，一個下劃線：定義環境的使用情況，二個下劃線：通常定義的是命令，為什麼要定義宏，因為不同的系統，命令的存放位置可能不同，所以通過宏的定義找到命令的真正存放位置
[[email protected] SOURCES]# pwd /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES [[email protected] SOURCES]# ls php-5.4.45.tar.gz
[[email protected] SPEC]# pwd /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES [[email protected] SPEC]# vim php.spec #內容如下：
%define _user www
%define _group www
%define _prefix /usr/local/php
Name: php #軟件包名稱
Version: 5.4.45 #版本號（不能使用-）
Release: 1%{?dist} #release號，對應下面的changelog，如php-5.4.45-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Summary: PHP is a server-side scripting language for creating dynamic Web pages #簡要描述信息，最好不要超過50個字符，如要詳述，使用下面的%description
Group: Development/Languages #要全用這裡面的一個組：less /usr/share/doc/rpm-version/GROUPS
License: GPLv2 #軟件授權方式
URL: http://www.php.net #源碼相關網站
Packager: yeho <[email protected]> #打包人的信息
Vendor: OneinStack #發行商或打包組織的信息
Source0: %{name}-%{version}.tar.gz #源代碼包，可以帶多個用Source1、Source2等源，後面也可以用%{source1}、%{source2}引用
BuildRoot: %_topdir/BUILDROOT #安裝或編譯時使用的“虛擬目錄”
Requires: libmcrypt
Requires: mhash
Requires: mcrypt
Requires: libiconv #定義php依賴的包，需要yum安裝(此處使用epel源)
%description #軟件包詳述
PHP is a widely-used general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for Web development and can be embedded into HTML.
%prep #軟件編譯之前的處理，如解壓
%setup -q #這個宏的作用靜默模式解壓並cd
%build #開始編譯軟件
%configure --prefix=%{_prefix} --with-config-file-path=%{_prefix}/etc \
--with-fpm-user=%{_user} --with-fpm-group=%{_group} --enable-fpm --enable-fileinfo \
--with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib \
--with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-exif \
--enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-inline-optimization \
--enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl \
--with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-ftp --enable-calendar \
--with-gettext --enable-zip --enable-soap --disable-ipv6 --disable-debug
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' %{?_smp_mflags} #%{?_smp_mflags} 的意思是：如果就多處理器的話make時並行編譯
%install #開始安裝軟件，如make install
rm -rf %{buildroot}
make INSTALL_ROOT=%{buildroot} install
rm -rf %{buildroot}/{.channels,.depdb,.depdblock,.filemap,.lock,.registry}
%{__install} -p -D -m 0755 sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm %{buildroot}/etc/init.d/php-fpm
%{__install} -p -D -m 0644 php.ini-production %{buildroot}/%{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
#rpm安裝前執行的腳本
%pre
echo '/usr/local/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/local.conf
/sbin/ldconfig
if [ $1 == 1 -a -z "`grep ^%{_user} /etc/passwd`" ]; then # $1有3個值，代表動作，安裝類型，處理類型
groupadd %{_group} -g 10000 # 1：表示安裝
useradd -u 10000 -g 10000 -m %{_user} # 2：表示升級
fi # 0：表示卸載
#rpm安裝後執行的腳本
%post
if [ $1 == 1 ];then
[ -z "`grep ^'export PATH=' /etc/profile`" ] && echo "export PATH=%{_prefix}/bin:\$PATH" >> /etc/profile
[ -n "`grep ^'export PATH=' /etc/profile`" -a -z "`grep '%{_prefix}' /etc/profile`" ] && sed -i "s@^export PATH=\(.*\)@export PATH=%{_prefix}/bin:\1@" /etc/profile
/sbin/chkconfig --add php-fpm
/sbin/chkconfig php-fpm on
Mem=`free -m | awk '/Mem:/{print $2}'` #下面主要是參數的優化
if [ $Mem -le 640 ];then
Mem_level=512M
Memory_limit=64
elif [ $Mem -gt 640 -a $Mem -le 1280 ];then
Mem_level=1G
Memory_limit=128
elif [ $Mem -gt 1280 -a $Mem -le 2500 ];then
Mem_level=2G
Memory_limit=192
elif [ $Mem -gt 2500 -a $Mem -le 3500 ];then
Mem_level=3G
Memory_limit=256
elif [ $Mem -gt 3500 -a $Mem -le 4500 ];then
Mem_level=4G
Memory_limit=320
elif [ $Mem -gt 4500 -a $Mem -le 8000 ];then
Mem_level=6G
Memory_limit=384
elif [ $Mem -gt 8000 ];then
Mem_level=8G
Memory_limit=448
fi
sed -i "s@^memory_limit.*@memory_limit = ${Memory_limit}M@" %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's@^output_buffering =@output_buffering = On\noutput_buffering =@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's@^;cgi.fix_pathinfo.*@cgi.fix_pathinfo=0@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's@^short_open_tag = Off@short_open_tag = On@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's@^expose_php = On@expose_php = Off@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's@^request_order.*@request_order = "CGP"@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's@^;date.timezone.*@date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's@^post_max_size.*@post_max_size = 50M@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's@^upload_max_filesize.*@upload_max_filesize = 50M@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's@^;upload_tmp_dir.*@upload_tmp_dir = /tmp@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's@^max_execution_time.*@max_execution_time = 5@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's@^disable_functions.*@disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,fsocket,popen@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's@^session.cookie_httponly.*@session.cookie_httponly = 1@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's@^mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics.*@mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics = On@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
cat > %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf <<EOF
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; FPM Configuration ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Global Options ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
[global]
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = log/php-fpm.log
log_level = warning
emergency_restart_threshold = 30
emergency_restart_interval = 60s
process_control_timeout = 10s
daemonize = yes
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Pool Definitions ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
[%{_user}]
;listen = /dev/shm/php-cgi.sock
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
listen.backlog = -1
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
listen.owner = %{_user}
listen.group = %{_group}
listen.mode = 0666
user = %{_user}
group = %{_group}
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 12
pm.start_servers = 8
pm.min_spare_servers = 6
pm.max_spare_servers = 12
pm.max_requests = 2048
pm.process_idle_timeout = 10s
request_terminate_timeout = 120
request_slowlog_timeout = 0
slowlog = log/slow.log
rlimit_files = 51200
rlimit_core = 0
catch_workers_output = yes
;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
env[TMP] = /tmp
env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
env[TEMP] = /tmp
EOF
if [ $Mem -le 3000 ];then
sed -i "s@^pm.max_children.*@pm.max_children = $(($Mem/2/20))@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
sed -i "s@^pm.start_servers.*@pm.start_servers = $(($Mem/2/30))@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
sed -i "s@^pm.min_spare_servers.*@pm.min_spare_servers = $(($Mem/2/40))@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
sed -i "s@^pm.max_spare_servers.*@pm.max_spare_servers = $(($Mem/2/20))@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
elif [ $Mem -gt 3000 -a $Mem -le 4500 ];then
sed -i "s@^pm.max_children.*@pm.max_children = 80@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
sed -i "s@^pm.start_servers.*@pm.start_servers = 50@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
sed -i "s@^pm.min_spare_servers.*@pm.min_spare_servers = 40@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
sed -i "s@^pm.max_spare_servers.*@pm.max_spare_servers = 80@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
elif [ $Mem -gt 4500 -a $Mem -le 6500 ];then
sed -i "s@^pm.max_children.*@pm.max_children = 90@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
sed -i "s@^pm.start_servers.*@pm.start_servers = 60@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
sed -i "s@^pm.min_spare_servers.*@pm.min_spare_servers = 50@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
sed -i "s@^pm.max_spare_servers.*@pm.max_spare_servers = 90@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
elif [ $Mem -gt 6500 -a $Mem -le 8500 ];then
sed -i "s@^pm.max_children.*@pm.max_children = 100@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
sed -i "s@^pm.start_servers.*@pm.start_servers = 70@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
sed -i "s@^pm.min_spare_servers.*@pm.min_spare_servers = 60@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
sed -i "s@^pm.max_spare_servers.*@pm.max_spare_servers = 100@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
elif [ $Mem -gt 8500 ];then
sed -i "s@^pm.max_children.*@pm.max_children = 120@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
sed -i "s@^pm.start_servers.*@pm.start_servers = 80@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
sed -i "s@^pm.min_spare_servers.*@pm.min_spare_servers = 70@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
sed -i "s@^pm.max_spare_servers.*@pm.max_spare_servers = 120@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
fi
fi
#rpm卸載前執行的腳本
%preun
if [ $1 == 0 ];then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm stop > /dev/null 2>&1
/sbin/chkconfig --del php-fpm
if [ -e '/etc/profile.d/custom_profile_new.sh' ];then
sed -i 's@%{_prefix}/bin:@@' /etc/profile.d/custom_profile_new.sh
else
sed -i 's@%{_prefix}/bin:@@' /etc/profile
fi
fi
#%postun rpm卸載後執行的腳本
%clean #clean的主要作用就是刪除BUILD
rm -rf %{buildroot}
%files #指定哪些文件需要被打包，如/usr/local/php
%defattr(-,root,root,-)
%{_prefix}
%attr(0755,root,root) /etc/init.d/php-fpm
%changelog #日志改變段， 這一段主要描述軟件的開發記錄
* Sat Oct 24 2015 yeho <[email protected]> 5.4.45-1
- Initial version
[[email protected] SOURCES]# pwd /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES [[email protected] SOURCES]# ls redis-2.2.7.tgz [[email protected] SOURCES]# cd ../SPEC [[email protected] SPEC]# vim php-redis.spec
%global php_extdir %(/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --extension-dir 2>/dev/null || echo "undefined")
Name: php-redis
Version: 2.2.7
Release: 1%{?dist}
Summary: The phpredis extension provides an API for communicating with the Redis key-value store.
Group: Development/Languages
License: PHP
URL: http://pecl.php.net/package/redis
Source0: redis-%{version}.tgz
BuildRoot: %_topdir/BUILDROOT
Requires: php
BuildRequires: php >= 5.4.40
%description
The phpredis extension provides an API for communicating with the Redis key-value store.
%prep
%setup -q -n redis-%{version}
%build
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
%configure
make %{?_smp_mflags}
%install
rm -rf %{buildroot}
mkdir -p %{buildroot}%{php_extdir}
make install INSTALL_ROOT=%{buildroot}
find %{buildroot} -name redis.so -exec /bin/mv {} %{buildroot}%{php_extdir} \;
#rpm安裝後執行的腳本
%post
if [ $1 == 1 ];then
[ -z "`grep '^extension_dir' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini`" ] && echo "extension_dir = \"%{php_extdir}\"" >> /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's@^extension_dir\(.*\)@extension_dir\1\nextension = "redis.so"@' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
fi
#rpm卸載前執行的腳本
%preun
if [ $1 == 0 ];then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm stop > /dev/null 2>&1
sed -i '/redis.so/d' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
fi
#%postun rpm卸載後執行的腳本
if [ $1 == 0 ];then
/etc/init.d/php-fpm start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
%clean
rm -rf %{buildroot}
%files
%defattr(-,root,root,-)
%{php_extdir}/redis.so
%changelog
* Sat Oct 24 2015 yeho <[email protected]> 2.2.7-1
- Initial version
[[email protected] SPEC]# rpmbuild -bb php.spec 制作php rpm二進制包 [[email protected] SPEC]# rpmbuild -bb php-redis.spec 制作php-redis rpm二進制包原文：https://blog.linuxeye.com/431.html
