GSL是一個開源的，用C／C++寫成的數學函數庫，非常流行也非常實用。
我們用cmake 創建 Makefile 文件，熟悉cmake的朋友應該知道，cmake可以直接產生MS studio， Eclipse，QT 等開發環境的工程文件。這裡我們產生通用的Makfile文件。
Ubuntu 14.04 下載、安裝、配置的相關知識 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-04/100370.htm
Ubuntu 14.04系統下載地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-04/100352.htm
Windows 7下硬盤安裝Ubuntu 14.04圖文教程 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-04/100983.htm
1. 在Ubuntu Linux下安裝GSL：
打開Synaptic Package Manager， 安裝libgsl0-dev 和libgsl0ldbl
2. 創建FindGSL.cmake 文件，然後將FindGSL.cmake 移動到 "/usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules"
COMMENTS: .cmake文件很重要，是CMakeLists.txt中findpackage命令的基礎，如果沒有Find*.cmake文件，在cmake執行findpackage命令是會報錯的。
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# Try to find gnu scientific library GSL
# See
# http://www.gnu.org/software/gsl/ and
# http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/packages/gsl.htm
#
# Once run this will define:
#
# GSL_FOUND = system has GSL lib
#
# GSL_LIBRARIES = full path to the libraries
# on Unix/Linux with additional linker flags from "gsl-config --libs"
#
# CMAKE_GSL_CXX_FLAGS = Unix compiler flags for GSL, essentially "`gsl-config --cxxflags`"
#
# GSL_INCLUDE_DIR = where to find headers
#
# GSL_LINK_DIRECTORIES = link directories, useful for rpath on Unix
# GSL_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS = rpath on Unix
#
# Felix Woelk 07/2004
# Jan Woetzel
#
# www.mip.informatik.uni-kiel.de
# --------------------------------
IF(WIN32)
# JW tested with gsl-1.8, Windows XP, MSVS 7.1, MSVS 8.0
SET(GSL_POSSIBLE_ROOT_DIRS
${GSL_ROOT_DIR}
$ENV{GSL_ROOT_DIR}
${GSL_DIR}
${GSL_HOME}
$ENV{GSL_DIR}
$ENV{GSL_HOME}
$ENV{EXTERN_LIBS_DIR}/gsl
$ENV{EXTRA}
# "C:/home/jw/source2/gsl-1.8"
)
FIND_PATH(GSL_INCLUDE_DIR
NAMES gsl/gsl_cdf.h gsl/gsl_randist.h
PATHS ${GSL_POSSIBLE_ROOT_DIRS}
PATH_SUFFIXES include
DOC "GSL header include dir"
)
FIND_LIBRARY(GSL_GSL_LIBRARY
NAMES gsl libgsl
PATHS ${GSL_POSSIBLE_ROOT_DIRS}
PATH_SUFFIXES lib
DOC "GSL library dir" )
FIND_LIBRARY(GSL_GSLCBLAS_LIBRARY
NAMES gslcblas libgslcblas
PATHS ${GSL_POSSIBLE_ROOT_DIRS}
PATH_SUFFIXES lib
DOC "GSL cblas library dir" )
SET(GSL_LIBRARIES ${GSL_GSL_LIBRARY})
#MESSAGE("DBG\n"
# "GSL_GSL_LIBRARY=${GSL_GSL_LIBRARY}\n"
# "GSL_GSLCBLAS_LIBRARY=${GSL_GSLCBLAS_LIBRARY}\n"
# "GSL_LIBRARIES=${GSL_LIBRARIES}")
ELSE(WIN32)
IF(UNIX)
SET(GSL_CONFIG_PREFER_PATH
"$ENV{GSL_DIR}/bin"
"$ENV{GSL_DIR}"
"$ENV{GSL_HOME}/bin"
"$ENV{GSL_HOME}"
CACHE STRING "preferred path to GSL (gsl-config)")
FIND_PROGRAM(GSL_CONFIG gsl-config
${GSL_CONFIG_PREFER_PATH}
/usr/bin/
)
# MESSAGE("DBG GSL_CONFIG ${GSL_CONFIG}")
IF (GSL_CONFIG)
MESSAGE(STATUS "GSL using gsl-config ${GSL_CONFIG}")
# set CXXFLAGS to be fed into CXX_FLAGS by the user:
EXEC_PROGRAM(${GSL_CONFIG}
ARGS --cflags
OUTPUT_VARIABLE GSL_CXX_FLAGS )
#SET(GSL_CXX_FLAGS "`${GSL_CONFIG} --cflags`")
# set INCLUDE_DIRS to prefix+include
EXEC_PROGRAM(${GSL_CONFIG}
ARGS --prefix
OUTPUT_VARIABLE GSL_PREFIX)
SET(GSL_INCLUDE_DIR ${GSL_PREFIX}/include CACHE STRING INTERNAL)
# set link libraries and link flags
#SET(GSL_LIBRARIES "`${GSL_CONFIG} --libs`")
# extract link dirs for rpath
EXEC_PROGRAM(${GSL_CONFIG}
ARGS --libs
OUTPUT_VARIABLE GSL_CONFIG_LIBS )
SET(GSL_LIBRARIES "${GSL_CONFIG_LIBS}")
# split off the link dirs (for rpath)
# use regular expression to match wildcard equivalent "-L*"
# with is a space or a semicolon
STRING(REGEX MATCHALL "[-][L]([^ ;])+"
GSL_LINK_DIRECTORIES_WITH_PREFIX
"${GSL_CONFIG_LIBS}" )
# MESSAGE("DBG GSL_LINK_DIRECTORIES_WITH_PREFIX=${GSL_LINK_DIRECTORIES_WITH_PREFIX}")
# remove prefix -L because we need the pure directory for LINK_DIRECTORIES
IF (GSL_LINK_DIRECTORIES_WITH_PREFIX)
STRING(REGEX REPLACE "[-][L]" "" GSL_LINK_DIRECTORIES ${GSL_LINK_DIRECTORIES_WITH_PREFIX} )
ENDIF (GSL_LINK_DIRECTORIES_WITH_PREFIX)
SET(GSL_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "-Wl,-rpath,${GSL_LINK_DIRECTORIES}" CACHE STRING INTERNAL)
# MESSAGE("DBG GSL_LINK_DIRECTORIES=${GSL_LINK_DIRECTORIES}")
# MESSAGE("DBG GSL_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS=${GSL_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS}")
# ADD_DEFINITIONS("-DHAVE_GSL")
# SET(GSL_DEFINITIONS "-DHAVE_GSL")
MARK_AS_ADVANCED(
GSL_CXX_FLAGS
GSL_INCLUDE_DIR
GSL_LIBRARIES
GSL_LINK_DIRECTORIES
GSL_DEFINITIONS
)
MESSAGE(STATUS "Using GSL from ${GSL_PREFIX}")
ELSE(GSL_CONFIG)
INCLUDE(UsePkgConfig) #needed for PKGCONFIG(...)
MESSAGE(STATUS "GSL using pkgconfig")
# PKGCONFIG(gsl includedir libdir linkflags cflags)
PKGCONFIG(gsl GSL_INCLUDE_DIR GSL_LINK_DIRECTORIES GSL_LIBRARIES GSL_CXX_FLAGS)
IF(GSL_INCLUDE_DIR)
MARK_AS_ADVANCED(
GSL_CXX_FLAGS
GSL_INCLUDE_DIR
GSL_LIBRARIES
GSL_LINK_DIRECTORIES
)
ELSE(GSL_INCLUDE_DIR)
MESSAGE("FindGSL.cmake: gsl-config/pkg-config gsl not found. Please set it manually. GSL_CONFIG=${GSL_CONFIG}")
ENDIF(GSL_INCLUDE_DIR)
ENDIF(GSL_CONFIG)
ENDIF(UNIX)
ENDIF(WIN32)
IF(GSL_LIBRARIES)
IF(GSL_INCLUDE_DIR OR GSL_CXX_FLAGS)
SET(GSL_FOUND 1)
ENDIF(GSL_INCLUDE_DIR OR GSL_CXX_FLAGS)
ENDIF(GSL_LIBRARIES)
# ==========================================
IF(NOT GSL_FOUND)
# make FIND_PACKAGE friendly
IF(NOT GSL_FIND_QUIETLY)
IF(GSL_FIND_REQUIRED)
MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "GSL required, please specify it's location.")
ELSE(GSL_FIND_REQUIRED)
MESSAGE(STATUS "ERROR: GSL was not found.")
ENDIF(GSL_FIND_REQUIRED)
ENDIF(NOT GSL_FIND_QUIETLY)
ENDIF(NOT GSL_FOUND)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. 准備工作做完，下面開始創建我們自己的程序。
創建hello.c
-----------------------------------------------
#include
#include
int main (void)
{
double x = 5.0;
double y = gsl_sf_bessel_J0 (x);
printf ("J0(%g) = %.18e\n", x, y);
return 0;
}
-----------------------------------------------
創建CMakeLists.txt
-----------------------------------------------------
cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.8)
project(hello)
set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH} "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}")
find_package(GSL REQUIRED)
include_directories(${GSL_INCLUDE_DIRES} ${GSLCBLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS})
link_libraries(${GSL_LIBRARIES} ${GSLBLAS_LIBRARIES})
target_link_libraries (${GSL_LIBRARIES} ${GSLBLAS_LIBRARIES})
add_executable(hello hello.c)
-----------------------------------------------------
cmake . && make
就會產生可執行文件 “hello”
更多Ubuntu相關信息見Ubuntu 專題頁面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=2
