在Ubuntu上編譯GCC會到的問題及解決方法

這段時間，我在用軟件實現一個3D圖形庫，因為一些原因，想要使用c++11中的東西。被迫自己編譯gcc4.7. 在這個過程中傳到了很多的問題，經過不懈的努力終於是成功編譯出來了，現在記錄一下，算作個備份。

我是在Ubuntu11.10上編譯的.會到了如下錯誤

1.configure錯誤，說沒有gmp,什麼的。

2. undefined reference to `lexer_line'

3. fatal error: bits/predefs.h :File or directory not found

4. ld can't find crti.o

相應的解決如下:

1. apt-get install libgmp10-dev libmpfr-dev libmpc-dev

2. apt-get install flex bison

3. 4. 在網上下了一個編譯腳本，直接運行就行了

下面是且這個腳本編譯的過程:

1. 按照上面1和2安裝好gmp,等等;

2. 到官網上下載代碼放在 $HOME/src/gcc-4.7/files/中

3. 下載附件中的腳本，修改PKG_SNAPSHOT_VER和TARGET_SYSTEM_TYPE，然後直接運行即可。

4. 按腳本運行的提示完成最後的工作（比如建立符號鏈接啊什麼的）

腳本如下:

1. #!/bin/sh
3. # Filename: build_gcc-snapshot.sh
4. # Created: 15-Mar-2011
5. # RunAs: user or root
6. # Last Changed: 09-Oct-2011
8. export LANG=C
9. export LC_ALL=C
11. PKG_NAME="gcc"
12. PKG_VER="4.7"
13. PKG_SNAPSHOT_VER="4.7-20120128"
15. BASE_DIR="$HOME/src/${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_VER}"
16. SRC_DIR="${BASE_DIR}/${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_SNAPSHOT_VER}"
17. BUILD_DIR="${BASE_DIR}/gcc-build"
19. DL_DIR="${BASE_DIR}/files"
20. DL_FILE="${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_SNAPSHOT_VER}.tar.bz2"
22. PATCHES_DIR="${BASE_DIR}/patches"
24. BUILD_SYSTEM_TYPE=$(dpkg-architecture -qDEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE)
25. HOST_SYSTEM_TYPE=$(dpkg-architecture -qDEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE)
26. TARGET_SYSTEM_TYPE="x86_64-linux-gnu"
28. HOST_SYSTEM_MULTIARCH_TYPE=$(dpkg-architecture -qDEB_HOST_MULTIARCH)
30. PREFIX="/opt/${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_VER}"
32. LIB_DIR="${PREFIX}/lib"
33. LIB_EXEC_DIR="${PREFIX}/lib"
35. BUILD_LOG_FILE="${BASE_DIR}/make.log"
37. GCC_VER_FOR_BUILD="4.6"
38. CC_FOR_BUILD="gcc-${GCC_VER_FOR_BUILD}"
39. CXX_FOR_BUILD="g++-${GCC_VER_FOR_BUILD}"
40. CPP_FOR_BUILD="cpp-${GCC_VER_FOR_BUILD}"
41. export CC="${CC_FOR_BUILD}" CXX="${CXX_FOR_BUILD}" CPP="${CPP_FOR_BUILD}"
42. echo "##### CC ... $CC"
43. echo "##### CXX ... $CXX"
44. echo "##### CPP ... $CPP"
46. MULTIARCH_FLAGS="-B/usr/lib/${HOST_SYSTEM_MULTIARCH_TYPE} -I/usr/include/${HOST_SYSTEM_MULTIARCH_TYPE}"
48. export CFLAGS="-g -O2"
49. export CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"
50. export CFLAGS_FOR_TARGET="${CFLAGS} ${MULTIARCH_FLAGS}"
51. export CXXFLAGS_FOR_TARGET="${CXXFLAGS} ${MULTIARCH_FLAGS}"
53. ##LD_PRELOAD_FOR_BUILD="${PREFIX}/lib/libgcc_s.so.1"
54. ##export LD_PRELOAD=${LD_PRELOAD_FOR_BUILD}
56. MAKE_JOBS="3"
57. echo "##### MAKE_JOBS ... ${MAKE_JOBS}"
59. test -e ${BASE_DIR} || mkdir -p ${BASE_DIR}
60. echo "##### Base directory ... ${BASE_DIR}"
62. echo "##### Unpacking ${DL_FILE} ..."
63. tar -xf ${DL_DIR}/${DL_FILE} -C ${BASE_DIR}
64. echo "##### Finished unpacking."
66. test -e ${BUILD_DIR} || mkdir -p ${BUILD_DIR}
67. cd ${BUILD_DIR}
68. echo "##### Build directory ... $PWD"
70. # HELP: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/development/chapter06/gcc.html
71. # NOTE: apt-get install libgmp10-dev libmpfr-dev libmpc-dev
72. echo "##### Configuring gcc-build ..."
73. ../${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_SNAPSHOT_VER}/configure \
74. --prefix=${PREFIX} \
75. --libdir=${LIB_DIR} \
76. --libexecdir=${LIB_EXEC_DIR} \
77. --program-suffix=-${PKG_VER} \
78. --enable-clocale=gnu \
79. --enable-languages=c,c++ \
80. --enable-shared \
81. --enable-threads=posix \
82. --disable-bootstrap \
83. --disable-libssp \
84. --disable-multilib \
85. --disable-nls \
86. --with-system-zlib \
87. --without-cloog \
88. --without-ppl \
89. --with-arch-32=i586 --with-tune=generic \
90. --build=${BUILD_SYSTEM_TYPE} --host=${HOST_SYSTEM_TYPE} --target=${TARGET_SYSTEM_TYPE}
91. echo "##### Finished configuring."
93. echo "##### Compiling gcc-build ..."
94. make FLAGS_FOR_TARGET="${FLAGS_FOR_TARGET} ${MULTIARCH_FLAGS}" -j${MAKE_JOBS} 2>&1 | tee ${BUILD_LOG_FILE}
95. echo "##### Finished compiling."
97. echo "NOTE #1: Before installing your shiny new gcc run the gcc-testsuite to check your build is OK!"
99. echo "NOTE #2: Don't forget to generate symlinks in system's bin directory!"
100. echo "EXAMPLE: sudo ln -sf ${PREFIX}/bin/${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_VER} /usr/bin/${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_VER}"
102. echo "NOTE #3: Don't forget to add ${PREFIX}/lib' to /etc/ld.so.conf.d/${TARGET_SYSTEM_TYPE}.conf!"
103. echo "EXAMPLE: sudo ldconfig -v"