曾經心血來潮寫過一個Ubuntu的配置教程，還美其名曰《邂逅Ubuntu》系列，後來Ubuntu更新了，GNOME也變成了gnome shell，但是教程再也沒更新過（慚愧不已）。適逢Ubuntu 12.04剛更新不久，簡單記錄下配置的流程。
本文主要記錄了安裝Ubuntu 12.04 (Precise) 之後的配置美化過程，主要包含：
1、配置軟件源；2、安裝配置gnome shell取代unity；3、安裝相關軟件；4、配置雜項。
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配置軟件源
我的策略是教育網一組，公網一組，官網一組，其次主要考慮地理位置和具體連接的速度。
教育網推薦是使用清華、北交、上交的（其一即可），公網推薦sohu（中國官方源）、163的（同樣選擇其一）。
# /etc/apt/sources.list
# tsinghua
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main multiverse restricted universe# # bjtu
# deb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise main multiverse restricted universe
# deb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main multiverse restricted universe
# deb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
# deb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-security main multiverse restricted universe
# deb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main multiverse restricted universe
# deb-src http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise main multiverse restricted universe
# deb-src http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main multiverse restricted universe
# deb-src http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
# deb-src http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-security main multiverse restricted universe
# deb-src http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main multiverse restricted universe# sohu (official China)
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse# # 163
# deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
# deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse# official
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse# official security
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse# canonical partner
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner# official extras
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main
deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main
配置好之後記得更新升級
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
# 安裝配置gnome shell
之前折騰過Arch、Gentoo、Mint、Deepin都是因為Ubuntu換了unity，也算因禍得福，學到了很多東西，現在可以兼容了，當然果斷上之。
安裝基本桌面
sudo apt-get install gnome-shell # gnome shell 桌面
sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool # 高級配置工具
# 安裝圖標和GTK主題
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tiheum/equinox # 添加圖標主題PPA
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:satyajit-happy/themes # 添加GTK主題PPA
sudo apt-get update # 更新軟件源
sudo apt-get install faenza-icon-theme faience-icon-theme # 兩款Icon theme
sudo apt-get install evolve-gtk-theme orion-gtk-theme # 兩款 GTK theme
我選擇的Icon theme是Faience，Window theme和GTK+ theme都是Evolve
# 安裝gnome shell extension
可以通過PPA和網站兩種方式安裝，主要還是個人喜好和需要，通過gnome-tweak-tool進行設置即可，這裡只列出作者使用的部分
通過PPA安裝
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/gnome3 # 添加PPA
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gnome-shell-extensions # 官方插件
sudo apt-get install gnome-shell-extensions-weather # 天氣插件
sudo apt-get install gnome-shell-system-monitor # 非官方系統監控插件，擴展性很強
sudo apt-get install gnome-shell-classic-systray # 移動所有底邊信息欄圖標至頂部
通過GNOME Extensions網站安裝
https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/112/remove-accesibility/
需要注意 user-themes 插件可能有問題，導致gnome-tweak-tool無法打開或者打開報錯，通過以下兩條命令可以解決
sudo cp ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/[email protected]/schemas/org.gnome.shell.extensions.user-theme.gschema.xml /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/
sudo glib-compile-schemas /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas
# 安裝gnome shell theme
我有點潔癖，不喜歡下載安裝，因為不方便更新，但暫時還未發現包含很合意的gnome shell theme的PPA，可以關注一下Satya的PPA（之前安裝GTK主題時已經添加了）。我已經郵件和作者聯系過了，確定還會維護更新的，就是需要等等。我現在安裝的是London Smoke Gnome-Shell，作為暫時的選擇。
