詳情見： http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-10/44828.htm
編譯：
gcc -o consumer consumer.c -lrt
gcc -o producer producer.c -lrt
/*
*
* Filename: producer.c
*
* Description: 生產者進程
*
* Version: 1.0
* Created: 09/30/2011 04:52:23 PM
* Revision: none
* Compiler: gcc(g++)
*
* Author: |Zhenghe Zhang|, |[email protected]|
* Company: |Shenzhen XXX Technology Co., Ltd.|
*
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <mqueue.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAXSIZE 10 //定義buf大小
#define BUFFER 8192 //定義Msg大小
struct MsgType{
int len;
char buf[MAXSIZE];
char x;
short y;
};
int main()
{
/*消息隊列*/
mqd_t msgq_id;
struct MsgType msg;
unsigned int prio = 1;
unsigned int send_size = BUFFER;
struct mq_attr msgq_attr;
const char *file = "/posix";
/*mq_open() for creating a new queue (using default attributes) */
/*mq_open() 創建一個新的 POSIX 消息隊列或打開一個存在的隊列*/
msgq_id = mq_open(file, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG, NULL);
if(msgq_id == (mqd_t)-1)
{
perror("mq_open");
exit(1);
}
/* getting the attributes from the queue -- mq_getattr() */
if(mq_getattr(msgq_id, &msgq_attr) == -1)
{
perror("mq_getattr");
exit(1);
}
printf("Queue \"%s\":\n\t- stores at most %ld messages\n\t- \
large at most %ld bytes each\n\t- currently holds %ld messages\n",
file, msgq_attr.mq_maxmsg, msgq_attr.mq_msgsize, msgq_attr.mq_curmsgs);
/*setting the attributes of the queue -- mq_setattr() */
/*mq_setattr() 設置消息隊列的屬性，設置時使用由 newattr 指針指向的 mq_attr 結構的信息。*/
/*屬性中只有標志 mq_flasgs 裡的 O_NONBLOCK 標志可以更改，其它在 newattr 內的域都被忽略 */
if(mq_setattr(msgq_id, &msgq_attr, NULL) == -1)
{
perror("mq_setattr");
exit(1);
}
int i = 0;
while(i < 10)
{
msg.len = i;
memset(msg.buf, 0, MAXSIZE);
sprintf(msg.buf, "0x%x", i);
msg.x = (char)(i + 'a');
msg.y = (short)(i + 100);
printf("msg.len = %d, msg.buf = %s, msg.x = %c, msg.y = %d\n", msg.len, msg.buf, msg.x, msg.y);
/*sending the message -- mq_send() */
/*mq_send() 把 msg_ptr 指向的消息加入由 mqdes 引用的消息隊列裡。*/
/*參數 msg_len 指定消息 msg_ptr 的長度：這個長度必須小於或等於隊列 mq_msgsize 屬性的值。零長度的消息是允許。*/
if(mq_send(msgq_id, (char*)&msg, sizeof(struct MsgType), prio) == -1)
{
perror("mq_send");
exit(1);
}
i++;
sleep(1);
}
sleep(30); //等待消費者進程退出
/*closing the queue -- mq_close() */
/*mq_close() 關閉消息隊列描述符 mqdes。如果調用進程在消息隊列 mqdes 綁定了通知請求，*/
/*那麼這個請求被刪除，此後其它進程就可以綁定通知請求到此消息隊列。*/
if(mq_close(msgq_id) == -1)
{
perror("mq_close");
exit(1);
}
/*mq_unlink() 刪除名為 name 的消息隊列。消息隊列名將被直接刪除。*/
/*消息隊列本身在所有引用這個隊列的描述符被關閉時銷毀。*/
if(mq_unlink(file) == -1)
{
perror("mq_unlink");
exit(1);
}
return 0;
}
/*
*
* Filename: consumer.c
*
* Description: 消費者進程
*
* Version: 1.0
* Created: 09/30/2011 04:52:23 PM
* Revision: none
* Compiler: gcc(g++)
*
* Author: |Zhenghe Zhang|, |[email protected]|
* Company: |Shenzhen XXX Technology Co., Ltd.|
*
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <mqueue.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAXSIZE 10 //定義buf大小
#define BUFFER 8192 //定義Msg大小
struct MsgType{
int len;
char buf[MAXSIZE];
char x;
short y;
};
int main()
{
/*消息隊列*/
mqd_t msgq_id;
struct MsgType msg;
unsigned int sender;
struct mq_attr msgq_attr;
unsigned int recv_size = BUFFER;
const char *file = "/posix";
/* mq_open() for opening an existing queue */
msgq_id = mq_open(file, O_RDWR);
if(msgq_id == (mqd_t)-1)
{
perror("mq_open");
exit(1);
}
/* getting the attributes from the queue -- mq_getattr() */
if(mq_getattr(msgq_id, &msgq_attr) == -1)
{
perror("mq_getattr");
exit(1);
}
printf("Queue \"%s\":\n\t- stores at most %ld messages\n\t- \
large at most %ld bytes each\n\t- currently holds %ld messages\n",
file, msgq_attr.mq_maxmsg, msgq_attr.mq_msgsize, msgq_attr.mq_curmsgs);
if(recv_size < msgq_attr.mq_msgsize)
recv_size = msgq_attr.mq_msgsize;
int i = 0;
while(i < 10) //運行一個consumenr，為 10 ，同時運行兩個consumer進程，為 5
{
msg.len = -1;
memset(msg.buf, 0, MAXSIZE);
msg.x = ' ';
msg.y = -1;
/* getting a message */
/*mq_receive() 從由描述符 mqdes 引用的隊列時刪除優先級最高的最老的消息，並把放置到 msg_ptr 的緩存區內。*/
/*參數 msg_len 指定緩沖區 msg_ptr 的大小：它必須大於隊列的 mq_msgsize 屬性(參數 mq_getattr)。*/
/*如果 prio 不是 NULL，那麼它指向的內存用於返回收到消息相關的優先級。*/
if (mq_receive(msgq_id, (char*)&msg, recv_size, &sender) == -1)
{
perror("mq_receive");
exit(1);
}
printf("msg.len = %d, msg.buf = %s, msg.x = %c, msg.y = %d\n", msg.len, msg.buf, msg.x, msg.y);
i++;
sleep(2);
}
if(mq_close(msgq_id) == -1)
{
perror("mq_close");
exit(1);
}
return 0;
}
