CentOS 7下 安裝matplotlib。
pip install matplotlib報錯如下：
[root@localhost Desktop]# pip install matplotlibCollecting matplotlib Using cached matplotlib-1.5.1.tar.gz Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info: ============================================================================ Edit setup.cfg to change the build options BUILDING MATPLOTLIB matplotlib: yes [1.5.1] python: yes [3.5.1 (default, Apr 15 2016, 00:15:43) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-4)]] platform: yes [linux] REQUIRED DEPENDENCIES AND EXTENSIONS numpy: yes [version 1.11.0] dateutil: yes [dateutil was not found. It is required for date axis support. pip/easy_install may attempt to install it after matplotlib.] pytz: yes [pytz was not found. pip will attempt to install it after matplotlib.] cycler: yes [cycler was not found. pip will attempt to install it after matplotlib.] tornado: yes [tornado was not found. It is required for the WebAgg backend. pip/easy_install may attempt to install it after matplotlib.] pyparsing: yes [pyparsing was not found. It is required for mathtext support. pip/easy_install may attempt to install it after matplotlib.] libagg: yes [pkg-config information for 'libagg' could not be found. Using local copy.] freetype: no [The C/C++ header for freetype2 (ft2build.h) could not be found. You may need to install the development package.] png: no [pkg-config information for 'libpng' could not be found.] qhull: yes [pkg-config information for 'qhull' could not be found. Using local copy.] OPTIONAL SUBPACKAGES sample_data: yes [installing] toolkits: yes [installing] tests: yes [nose 0.11.1 or later is required to run the matplotlib test suite. Please install it with pip or your preferred tool to run the test suite / using unittest.mock] toolkits_tests: yes [nose 0.11.1 or later is required to run the matplotlib test suite. Please install it with pip or your preferred tool to run the test suite / using unittest.mock] OPTIONAL BACKEND EXTENSIONS macosx: no [Mac OS-X only] qt5agg: no [PyQt5 not found] qt4agg: no [PySide not found; PyQt4 not found] gtk3agg: no [Requires pygobject to be installed.] gtk3cairo: no [Requires cairocffi or pycairo to be installed.] gtkagg: no [Requires pygtk] tkagg: no [TKAgg requires Tkinter.] wxagg: no [requires wxPython] gtk: no [Requires pygtk] agg: yes [installing] cairo: no [cairocffi or pycairo not found] windowing: no [Microsoft Windows only] OPTIONAL LATEX DEPENDENCIES dvipng: no ghostscript: yes [version 9.07] latex: no pdftops: yes [version 0.26.5] OPTIONAL PACKAGE DATA dlls: no [skipping due to configuration] ============================================================================ * The following required packages can not be built: * freetype, png ----------------------------------------Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-hlld4ja8/matplotlib/大概意思是缺少一些依賴的包。有些依賴的包是python相關的，pip會自動安裝。比如這句就是這個意思：
pip/easy_install may attempt to install it after matplotlib.而有些依賴包則是pip解決不了的，需要yum來更新安裝。比如這句：
freetype: no [The C/C++ header for freetype2 (ft2build.h) could not be found. You may need to install the development package.]最終通過安裝2個依賴包解決問題
sudo yum install freetype-develsudo yum install libpng-develsudo pip install matplotlib[root@localhost perrin]# pip install matplotlibCollecting matplotlib Using cached matplotlib-1.5.1.tar.gzRequirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): numpy>=1.6 in /usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages (from matplotlib)Collecting python-dateutil (from matplotlib) Downloading python_dateutil-2.5.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (201kB) 100% |████████████████████████████████| 204kB 23kB/s Collecting pytz (from matplotlib) Downloading pytz-2016.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (479kB) 100% |████████████████████████████████| 481kB 43kB/s Collecting cycler (from matplotlib) Downloading cycler-0.10.0-py2.py3-none-any.whlCollecting pyparsing!=2.0.0,!=2.0.4,>=1.5.6 (from matplotlib) Downloading pyparsing-2.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whlCollecting six>=1.5 (from python-dateutil->matplotlib) Downloading six-1.10.0-py2.py3-none-any.whlInstalling collected packages: six, python-dateutil, pytz, cycler, pyparsing, matplotlib Running setup.py install for matplotlib ... doneSuccessfully installed cycler-0.10.0 matplotlib-1.5.1 pyparsing-2.1.1 python-dateutil-2.5.2 pytz-2016.3 six-1.10.0[root@localhost perrin]# 在安裝好matplotlib的同時自動安裝了一些所依賴的python相關包，比如cycler-0.10.0、pyparsing-2.1.1、python-dateutil-2.5.2、pytz-2016.3、six-1.10.0。
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