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Linux教程網 >> Linux編程 >> Linux編程 >> CE5.0 - eboot匯編Startup.s中MMU設置流程詳細分析

CE5.0 - eboot匯編Startup.s中MMU設置流程詳細分析

日期：2017/3/1 11:18:00   编辑：Linux編程
  1. CE5.0 - eboot匯編Startup.s中MMU設置流程詳細分析
  2. 以下為SMDK開發板startup.s部分啟動代碼.
  3. ;-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  4. MemoryMap EQU 0x2a4
  5. BANK_SIZE EQU 0x00100000 ; 1MB per bank in MemoryMap array
  6. BANK_SHIFT EQU 20
  8. ; Define RAM space for the Page Tables:
  9. ;
  10. PHYBASE EQU 0x30000000 ; physical start
  11. PTs EQU 0x30010000 ; 1st level page table address (PHYBASE + 0x10000)
  12. ; save room for interrupt vectors.
  13. ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  14. ; Copy boot loader to memory
  15. ands r9, pc, #0xFF000000 ; see if we are in flash or in ram
  16. //如果高8字節非0,那麼說明pc已經在ram,否則說明現在pc位於reset之後的0x00000000地址區間[luther.gliethttp]
  17. bne %f20 ; go ahead if we are already in ram//高8字節非0,說明eboot已在DDR中,跳到下面的20標號
  19. ; This is the loop that perform copying.
  20. ldr r0, = 0x38000 ; offset into the RAM
  21. add r0, r0, #PHYBASE ; add physical base //eboot最終的物理地址為0x30038000,這也就是PLATFORM/SMDK2440A/Src/Bootloader/Eboot_usb/boot.bib中定義的
  22. //eboot鏈接地址EBOOT 8c038000 00016800 RAMIMAGE //一個.bib允許由一個RAMIMAGE類型段,生成一個對應的.bin文件,之後由romimage.exe生成.nb0同時填充eboot的pTOC全局變量指針[luther.gliethttp]
  23. mov r1, r0 ; (r1) copy destination
  24. //因為s3c2440在nand啟動時,會將nand中前4k數據讀取到s3c2440內部的4k ram中,同時ram映射成0地址,cpu
  25. //跳轉到ram開始執行從nand讀取的前4k代碼數據,於是讀取位於ram中0地址之後的4k數據就等同於讀取了nand的前4k數據[luther.gliethttp].
  26. ldr r2, =0x0 ; (r2) flash started at physical address 0
  27. ldr r3, =0x10000 ; counter (0x40000/4)//循環讀取4k字節
  28. 10 ldr r4, [r2], #4
  29. str r4, [r1], #4
  30. subs r3, r3, #1
  31. bne %b10
  32. ; Restart from the RAM position after copying.
  33. mov pc, r0 //跳轉到物理地址0x30038000重新執行上面的reset代碼,再次執行時因為已經位於ram,所以將執行上面的bne %f20語句[luther.gliethttp]
  34. nop //為流水線添加可能存在的指令最大空取次數
  35. nop
  36. nop
  37. ; Shouldn't get here.
  38. b .
  39. INCLUDE oemaddrtab_cfg.inc //這就是eboot的mmu映射表,位於PLATFORM/SMDK2440A/Src/Inc/oemaddrtab_cfg.inc
  40. /*
  41. EXPORT g_oalAddressTable[DATA]
  42. g_oalAddressTable
  43. DCD 0x80000000, 0x32000000, 32 ; 32 MB DRAM BANK 6
  44. DCD 0x82000000, 0x08000000, 32 ; 32 MB SROM(SRAM/ROM) BANK 1
  45. DCD 0x84000000, 0x10000000, 32 ; nGCS2: PCMCIA/PCCARD
  46. DCD 0x86000000, 0x18000000, 32 ; 32 MB SROM(SRAM/ROM) BANK 3
  47. DCD 0x88000000, 0x20000000, 32 ; 32 MB SROM(SRAM/ROM) BANK 4
  48. DCD 0x8A000000, 0x28000000, 32 ; 32 MB SROM(SRAM/ROM) BANK 5
  49. DCD 0x8C000000, 0x30000000, 32 ; 32 MB DRAM BANK 6
  50. DCD 0x90800000, 0x48000000, 1 ; Memory control register
  51. DCD 0x90900000, 0x49000000, 1 ; USB Host register
  52. DCD 0x90A00000, 0x4A000000, 1 ; Interrupt Control register
  53. DCD 0x90B00000, 0x4B000000, 1 ; DMA control register
  54. DCD 0x90C00000, 0x4C000000, 1 ; Clock & Power register
  55. DCD 0x90D00000, 0x4D000000, 1 ; LCD control register
  56. DCD 0x90E00000, 0x4E000000, 1 ; NAND flash control register
  57. DCD 0x90F00000, 0x4F000000, 1 ; Camera control register
  58. DCD 0x91000000, 0x50000000, 1 ; UART control register
  59. DCD 0x91100000, 0x51000000, 1 ; PWM timer register
  60. DCD 0x91200000, 0x52000000, 1 ; USB device register
  61. DCD 0x91300000, 0x53000000, 1 ; Watchdog Timer register
  62. DCD 0x91400000, 0x54000000, 1 ; IIC control register
  63. DCD 0x91500000, 0x55000000, 1 ; IIS control register
  64. DCD 0x91600000, 0x56000000, 1 ; I/O Port register
  65. DCD 0x91700000, 0x57000000, 1 ; RTC control register
  66. DCD 0x91800000, 0x58000000, 1 ; A/D convert register
  67. DCD 0x91900000, 0x59000000, 1 ; SPI register
  68. DCD 0x91A00000, 0x5A000000, 1 ; SD Interface register
  69. DCD 0x92000000, 0x00000000, 32 ; 32 MB SROM(SRAM/ROM) BANK 0
  70. DCD 0x00000000, 0x00000000, 0 ; end of table
  71. */
  72. ; Compute physical address of the OEMAddressTable.
  73. 20 add r11, pc, #g_oalAddressTable - (. + 8)
  74. ldr r10, =PTs ; (r10) = 1st level page table
  75. 0x20000000
  76. ; Setup 1st level page table (using section descriptor)
  77. ; Fill in first level page table entries to create "un-mapped" regions
  78. ; from the contents of the MemoryMap array.
  79. ;
  80. ; (r10) = 1st level page table
  81. ; (r11) = ptr to MemoryMap array
  82. //PTR的地址大家都選在了DDR開始的offset處,ce為64k偏移,linux也是這樣做的
  83. //然後第1級MMU入口為pc地址的高14位(過濾掉低18位)[luther.gliethttp]
  84. //比如0x80000000地址對應的第1級MMU入口偏移為0x80000000 >> 18 = 0x2000
  85. add r10, r10, #0x2000 ; (r10) = ptr to 1st PTE for "unmapped space"
  86. //r10存放0x80000000虛擬地址在PTR中的對應地址
  87. mov r0, #0x0E ; (r0) = PTE for 0: 1MB cachable bufferable //有高速緩存C和寫緩沖B
  88. orr r0, r0, #0x400 ; set kernel r/w permission
  89. 25 mov r1, r11 ; (r1) = ptr to MemoryMap array
  91. 30 ldr r2, [r1], #4 ; (r2) = virtual address to map Bank at
  92. ldr r3, [r1], #4 ; (r3) = physical address to map from
  93. ldr r4, [r1], #4 ; (r4) = num MB to map
  94. cmp r4, #0 ; End of table?
  95. beq %f40 //表示cachable地址0x80000000~0xa0000000映射MMU創建完畢,表結尾,前跳到40標號,創建對應的uncached映射MMU[luther.gliethttp]
  96. ldr r5, =0x1FF00000
  97. and r2, r2, r5 ; VA needs 512MB, 1MB aligned. //對va虛擬地址進行512M對齊[luther.gliethttp]
  98. //也就是r2的上限值不能超過0x20000000即512M,因為r10現在指向1級映射表的0x80000000虛擬地址,
  99. //又因為0x80000000+0x20000000=0xa0000000開始地址存放的是uncached地址,所以這裡要做512M數據限制[luther.gliethttp]
  100. ldr r5, =0xFFF00000
  101. and r3, r3, r5 ; PA needs 4GB, 1MB aligned. //對pa物理地址進行4G對齊
  102. add r2, r10, r2, LSR #18
  103. add r0, r0, r3 ; (r0) = PTE for next physical page //在MMU控制flag基礎上追加映射到的pa物理地址[luther.gliethttp]
  104. 35 str r0, [r2], #4 //存到r2對應的PTR偏移中
  105. add r0, r0, #0x00100000 ; (r0) = PTE for next physical page //1M遞增,因為1<<18=256K,而每一個pte描述4k頁,所以最終描述256k*4k=1M地址空間[luther.gliethttp]
  106. sub r4, r4, #1 ; Decrement number of MB left
  107. cmp r4, #0
  108. bne %b35 ; Map next MB //遍歷到該region結束
  109. bic r0, r0, #0xF0000000 ; Clear Section Base Address Field
  110. bic r0, r0, #0x0FF00000 ; Clear Section Base Address Field//清空r0中的地址信息[lutehr.gliethttp]
  111. b %b30 ; Get next element //繼續創建oemaddrtab_cfg.inc描述的下一region[luther.gliethttp]
  112. //創建對應的0xa0000000開始的uncached映射MMU表
  113. 40 tst r0, #8
  114. //比較C高速緩存是否仍然置位,如果仍然置位了,那麼說明還沒有執行uncached創建,如果C位已經清0,那麼說明,uncached循環也執行完畢了,所以跳回到25標號繼續創建[luther.gliethttp]
  115. bic r0, r0, #0x0C ; clear cachable & bufferable bits in PTE//清除B寫緩沖和C高速緩存[luther.gliethttp]
  116. add r10, r10, #0x0800 ; (r10) = ptr to 1st PTE for "unmapped uncached space"//r10現在對應0x80000000虛擬地址的PTR起始地址,hex(0x20000000>>18)為0x800,
  117. //所以r10 = r10 + 0x800;之後r10指向了0xa0000000虛擬地址對應的PTR起始地址[luther.gliethtp]
  118. bne %b25 ; go setup PTEs for uncached space
  119. //ok,現在0x80000000 cachable空間和0xa0000000 uncached空間都已經創建完畢了[luther.gliethttp]
  120. sub r10, r10, #0x3000 ; (r10) = restore address of 1st level page table//該句好像有問題,不過還好後面用到r10之前,又對r10進行了重新賦值,所以也更說明,該句操作無意義[luther.gliethttp]
  121. //接下來為虛擬0地址建立cachable和uncached映射[lutehr.gliethttp]
  122. ; Setup mmu to map (VA == 0) to (PA == 0x30000000).
  123. ldr r0, =PTs ; PTE entry for VA = 0
  124. ldr r1, =0x3000040E ; uncache/unbuffer/rw, PA base == 0x30000000//以C,B均開啟的方式映射虛擬地址0到pa物理地址0x30000000
  125. str r1, [r0]
  126. ; uncached area.
  127. add r0, r0, #0x0800 ; PTE entry for VA = 0x0200.0000 , uncached//接下來的0x2000000虛擬地址被映射為虛擬0地址的uncached起始地址[luther.gliethttp]
  128. ldr r1, =0x30000402 ; uncache/unbuffer/rw, base == 0x30000000//以C,B均不開啟的方式映射虛擬地址0到pa物理地址0x30000000
  129. str r1, [r0]
  130. //經過上面設置可以看到
  131. //虛擬地址0對應0x30000000的cachable
  132. //虛擬地址0x2000000對應0x30000000的uncached.[luther.gliethttp]
  133. ; Comment:
  134. ; The following loop is to direct map RAM VA == PA. i.e.
  135. ; VA == 0x30XXXXXX => PA == 0x30XXXXXX for S3C2400
  136. ; Fill in 8 entries to have a direct mapping for DRAM
  137. ;
  138. ldr r10, =PTs ; restore address of 1st level page table
  139. ldr r0, =PHYBASE //PHYBASE為0x30000000,將虛擬地址映射到相同的物理地址
  140. add r10, r10, #(0x3000 / 4) ; (r10) = ptr to 1st PTE for 0x30000000 //就是(0x30000000 >> 16) >> 2即(0x30000000 >> 16) / 4 [luther.gliethttp]
  141. //現在r10指向了和DDR地址相等的PA地址對應的PTR地址處
  142. add r0, r0, #0x1E ; 1MB cachable bufferable
  143. orr r0, r0, #0x400 ; set kernel r/w permission
  144. mov r1, #0
  145. mov r3, #64 //映射64M空間,因為我們的物理DDR只有64M(見上面的oemaddrtab_cfg.inc表圖),不能大於512,因為下面只支持到512次循環(r1為循環次數,每循環1次,創建1M空間映射表)[luther.gliethtp]
  146. 45 mov r2, r1 ; (r2) = virtual address to map Bank at
  147. cmp r2, #0x20000000:SHR:BANK_SHIFT //0x20000000>>20=512M,
  148. add r2, r10, r2, LSL #BANK_SHIFT-18 //add r2, r10, r2, 4即r2 = r10 + r2*4;正好為PTR操作時的4字節對齊邊界[luther.gliethttp]
  149. strlo r0, [r2] //如果還沒有操作到512M,那麼填充PTR,如果現在映射操作已經操作過了512M大小,那麼忽略
  150. add r0, r0, #0x00100000 ; (r0) = PTE for next physical page
  151. subs r3, r3, #1
  152. add r1, r1, #1
  153. bgt %b45
  154. ldr r10, =PTs ; (r10) = restore address of 1st level page table
  155. ; The page tables and exception vectors are setup.
  156. ; Initialize the MMU and turn it on.
  157. mov r1, #1
  158. mcr p15, 0, r1, c3, c0, 0 ; setup access to domain 0
  159. mcr p15, 0, r10, c2, c0, 0
  160. mcr p15, 0, r0, c8, c7, 0 ; flush I+D TLBs //flush所有MMU相關空間
  161. mov r1, #0x0071 ; Enable: MMU //設置打開MMU標志到r1
  162. orr r1, r1, #0x0004 ; Enable the cache //設置打開cache標志到r1
  163. ldr r0, =VirtualStart //取出VirtualStart編譯期間得到的虛擬地址值,在0x30038000~0x30038000+eboot_size之間[luther.gliethtp]
  164. cmp r0, #0 ; make sure no stall on "mov pc,r0" below //執行該比較,使r0踏實的讀入VirtualStart數值
  165. mcr p15, 0, r1, c1, c0, 0 //將MMU設置標志寫入p15協處理器,生效設置[luther.gliethttp]
  166. mov pc, r0 ; & jump to new virtual address //跳轉過去,此刻之後MMU已經打開,所有允許操作的虛擬地址都在PLATFORM/SMDK2440A/Src/Inc/oemaddrtab_cfg.inc中定義[luther.gliethttp]
  167. nop
  168. ; MMU & caches now enabled.
  169. ; (r10) = physcial address of 1st level page table
  170. ;
  171. VirtualStart
  172. mov sp, #0x8C000000 //設置棧空間,從這裡來看,sp棧頂對應的DDR物理地址為0x30030000,然後向下生長,從boot.bib中
  173. /*
  174. MEMORY
  175. ; Name Start Size Type
  176. ; ------- -------- -------- ----
  177. ARGS 8c020800 00000800 RESERVED
  178. BINFS 8c021000 00005000 RESERVED
  179. RAM 8c026000 00006000 RAM
  180. STACK 8c02c000 00004000 RESERVED //0x2c000+0x4000=0x30000 保留該16K地址空間用作eboot的sp棧空間
  181. EBOOT 8c038000 00016800 RAMIMAGE
  182. */
  183. 可以看到sp棧空間由.bib保留,位於0x30030000~0x3002c000,棧sp從0x30030000開始向下生長[luther.gliethttp]
  184. add sp, sp, #0x30000 ; arbitrary initial super-page stack pointer
  185. b main //跳轉到main主函數,

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