本文參考了http://www.cnblogs.com/wangxiaoqiangs/p/6179610.html, 自己操作中收獲一些錯誤心得.記下以備用.
一. 准備工作:
1. 下載nginx並安裝
推薦到nginx官方網站下載並安裝,有很詳細的教程. 參考資料: http://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html
(1). 編輯repo文件,這裡以64位的CentOS 7為示例:
> vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[nginx] name=nginx repo baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/x86_64/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=1
(2). 保存退出後,使用yum安裝.可以選擇把動態模塊也安裝上,具體參見上述站點
> yum install nginx -y
2. 下載git並安裝
(1).不推薦使用yum安裝的git版本,過低了.到github下載最新的git源碼. 下載地址: https://github.com/git/git/releases
> yum -y remove git > yum -y install perl cpio autoconf tk zlib-devel libcurl-devel openssl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker automake gcc > cd /usr/local/src; wget https://github.com/git/git/archive/v2.11.1.tar.gz > tar zxf v2.11.1.tar.gz && cd git-2.11.1 > autoconf && ./configure && make && make install > git --version
(2). 這個時候,git安裝好了,可以選擇較高的穩定版本.我用的時候2.11.1
3. 下載spawn-fcgi, fcgi-devel, fcgiwrap並安裝
(1). 安裝spawn-fcgi.github地址: https://github.com/lighttpd/spawn-fcgi
這裡需要注意的是,如果你沒有安裝前面的automake和gcc,請這裡一定要把這些依賴安裝好.
> cd /usr/local/src; > git clone https://github.com/lighttpd/spawn-fcgi.git > cd spawn-fcgi && ./autogen.sh && ./configure && make && make install
(2). 安裝fcgi-devel.
安裝前,需要先安裝epel源,不然安裝不了fcgi-devel
> yum -y install epel-release > yum -y install fcgi-devel
(3). 安裝fcgiwrap. GitHub地址: https://github.com/gnosek/fcgiwrap
> cd /usr/local/src > git clone https://github.com/gnosek/fcgiwrap.git > cd fcgiwrap && autoreconf -i && ./configure && make && make install
二. 配置
1. 添加Git的運行用戶, Git倉庫初始化
> useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin git > mkdir -p /data/git && cd /data/git > git init --bare repo.git && chown -R git.git /data/git > cd repo.git && mv hooks/post-update.sample hooks/post-update > git update-server-info
2. 編寫fcgiwrap啟動腳本
> vi /etc/init.d/fcgiwrap
腳本內容:
#! /bin/bash
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: fcgiwrap
# Required-Start: $remote_fs
# Required-Stop: $remote_fs
# Should-Start:
# Should-Stop:
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: FastCGI wrapper
# Description: Simple server for running CGI applications over FastCGI
### END INIT INFO
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
SPAWN_FCGI="/usr/local/bin/spawn-fcgi"
DAEMON="/usr/local/sbin/fcgiwrap"
NAME="fcgiwrap"
PIDFILE="/var/run/$NAME.pid"
FCGI_SOCKET="/var/run/$NAME.socket"
FCGI_USER="git"
FCGI_GROUP="git"
FORK_NUM=15
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting $NAME... "
PID=`pidof $NAME`
if [ ! -z "$PID" ]; then
echo " $NAME already running"
exit 1
fi
$SPAWN_FCGI -u $FCGI_USER -g $FCGI_GROUP -s $FCGI_SOCKET -P $PIDFILE -F $FORK_NUM -f $DAEMON
if [ "$?" != 0 ]; then
echo " failed"
exit 1
else
echo " done"
fi
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stoping $NAME... "
PID=`pidof $NAME`
if [ ! -z "$PID" ]; then
kill `pidof $NAME`
if [ "$?" != 0 ]; then
echo " failed. re-quit"
exit 1
else
rm -f $pid
echo " done"
fi
else
echo "$NAME is not running."
exit 1
fi
;;
status)
PID=`pidof $NAME`
if [ ! -z "$PID" ]; then
echo "$NAME (pid $PID) is running..."
else
echo "$NAME is stopped"
exit 0
fi
;;
restart)
$SCRIPTNAME stop
sleep 1
$SCRIPTNAME start
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|status}"
exit 1
;;
esac
注意其中"FCGI_USER"和"FCGI_GROUP"以及"FORK_NUM",分別為fastcgi運行的用戶,組以及進程數(進程數按需調整).需要與之後配置的nginx的worker用戶一樣.
記得修改一下讀寫權限以及設置腳本為開機啟動.然後我們啟動fastcgi
> chmod a+x /etc/init.d/fcgiwrap > chkconfig --level 35 fcgiwrap on > /etc/init.d/fcgiwrap start
3. nginx配置. yum安裝的nginx已經默認配置了WebDAV模塊,所以不用麻煩了.如果發現沒有WebDAV模塊的功能,可以參考nginx的官方文檔中Dynamic Modules的說明: http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#load_module
(1). 創建授權文件夾以及git的nginx設置文件
> mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/config > vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/git.conf
內容如下:
server {
listen 80;
server_name gitServer;
root /usr/local/share/gitweb;
client_max_body_size 100m;
auth_basic "Git User Authentication";
auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/config/pass.db;
location ~ ^.*\.git/objects/([0-9a-f]+/[0-9a-f]+|pack/pack-[0-9a-f]+.(pack|idx))$ {
root /data/git;
}
location ~ /.*\.git/(HEAD|info/refs|objects/info/.*|git-(upload|receive)-pack)$ {
root /data/git;
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/fcgiwrap.socket;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 24h;
fastcgi_read_timeout 24h;
fastcgi_send_timeout 24h;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/libexec/git-core/git-http-backend;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $uri;
fastcgi_param GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL "";
fastcgi_param GIT_PROJECT_ROOT /data/git;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_USER $remote_user;
include fastcgi_params;
}
try_files $uri @gitweb;
location @gitweb {
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/fcgiwrap.socket;
fastcgi_param GITWEB_CONFIG /etc/git/gitweb.conf;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/share/gitweb/gitweb.cgi;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $uri;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
(2). 修改/etc/nginx/nginx.conf中的worker進程所有者.
# 將此處的nginx用戶修改為git用戶,以保證能調用到fastcgi(需要和fcgiwrap腳本中的FCGI_USER保持一致)
user git; worker_processes 1; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; }
4. 安裝http-tools並添加認證用戶
> yum -y install httpd-tools > cd /usr/local/nginx/config > htpasswd -c pass.db guestUser
> git config --global color.ui true
> git config --global user.name 'git'
> git config --global user.email '[email protected]'
5. 配置gitweb,首先要確定默認安裝的gitweb(采用源碼安裝git才會有)是否存在
> find /usr/local/share -name gitweb.cgi > cd /usr/local/share/gitweb && ll /usr/local/share/gitweb > vi /etc/git/gitweb.conf
gitweb.conf的配置內容如下:
# path to git projects (<project>.git) $projectroot = "/data/git"; # directory to use for temp files $git_temp = "/tmp"; # target of the home link on top of all pages $home_link = $my_uri || "/"; # html text to include at home page $home_text = "indextext.html"; # file with project list; by default, simply scan the projectroot dir. $projects_list = $projectroot; # javascript code for gitweb $javascript = "static/gitweb.js"; # stylesheet to use $stylesheet = "static/gitweb.css"; # logo to use $logo = "static/git-logo.png"; # the 'favicon' $favicon = "static/git-favicon.png";
三. 啟動nginx,fastcgi
> nginx -t > systemctl start nginx > /etc/init.d/fcgiwrap start
四. 問題收集:
1. 訪問http://hostname/repo.git出現502錯誤,nginx錯誤日志中出現:connect() to unix:/var/run/fcgiwrap.socket failed (13: Permission denied) while connecting to upstream
解決方法: 檢查selinux是否開啟,如果開啟,請關閉或者配置策略使其能被訪問.
2. Can't locate CPAN.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib/perl5/vendorperl /usr/share/perl5/vendorperl /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) BEGIN failed--compilation aborted.
解決方法: yum -y install perl-CPAN
3. Can't locate CGI.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib/perl5/vendorperl /usr/share/perl5/vendorperl /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) BEGIN failed--compilation aborted.
解決方法: yum -y install perl-CGI
4. Can't locate Time/HiRes.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at /usr/local/share/gitweb/gitweb.cgi line 20.
解決方法: yum -y install perl-Time-HiRes
五. Gitweb-theme 樣式
如果覺得 gitweb 默認樣式不好看，可以拿該樣式替換
> cd /usr/local/src > git clone https://github.com/kogakure/gitweb-theme.git > cd gitweb-theme # -t 指定 gitweb 根目錄，一路 y 即可 > ./setup -vi -t /usr/local/share/gitweb --install
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