Android使用LayoutInflater來進行布局加載，通常獲取方式有兩種：
第一種：
LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
第二種：
LayoutInflater layoutInflater = (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
從源碼中可以看出第一種是第二種的封裝簡化，便於使用：
public static LayoutInflater from(Context context) {
LayoutInflater LayoutInflater =
(LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
if (LayoutInflater == null) {
throw new AssertionError("LayoutInflater not found.");
}
return LayoutInflater;
}
我們通過調用inflate方法便可以完成對布局的加載：
layoutInflater.inflate(resource, root, true);
LayoutInflater中的inflate方法有若干種重載方式，最終都調用了如下代碼：
public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {
//獲取xml中屬性信息
final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);
Context lastContext = (Context)mConstructorArgs[0];
mConstructorArgs[0] = mContext;
View result = root;
try {
// 查找根節點.
int type;
while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
// Empty
}
if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
throw new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()
+ ": No start tag found!");
}
//獲取根節點名稱
final String name = parser.getName();
if (DEBUG) {
System.out.println("**************************");
System.out.println("Creating root view: "
+ name);
System.out.println("**************************");
}
//如果是merge標簽，必須保證父節點不為null且attachToRoot為true
if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
throw new InflateException("<merge /> can be used only with a valid "
+ "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");
}
rInflate(parser, root, attrs, false);
} else {
//代表布局文件中根節點的view
View temp;
if (TAG_1995.equals(name)) {
temp = new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs);
} else {
//利用反射，通過root名稱創建view
temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, attrs);
}
ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;
if (root != null) {
if (DEBUG) {
System.out.println("Creating params from root: " +
root);
}
// Create layout params that match root, if supplied
//當提供了父容器時，由父容器根據屬性值創建布局參數
params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
if (!attachToRoot) {
// Set the layout params for temp if we are not
// attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
//當不把當前view附加到父容器中，則設置獲取到的布局參數
//否則使用下面的addView方法設置
temp.setLayoutParams(params);
}
}
if (DEBUG) {
System.out.println("-----> start inflating children");
}
// Inflate all children under temp
//遞歸調用此方法加載子布局
rInflate(parser, temp, attrs, true);
if (DEBUG) {
System.out.println("-----> done inflating children");
}
// We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
// to root. Do that now.
if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
root.addView(temp, params);
}
// Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
// top view found in xml.
if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
result = temp;
}
}
} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
InflateException ex = new InflateException(e.getMessage());
ex.initCause(e);
throw ex;
} catch (IOException e) {
InflateException ex = new InflateException(
parser.getPositionDescription()
+ ": " + e.getMessage());
ex.initCause(e);
throw ex;
} finally {
// Don't retain static reference on context.
mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
mConstructorArgs[1] = null;
}
return result;
}
}
這裡，Android使用了PULL來解析xml布局文件，並通過反射來創建出當前view：
temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, attrs);
我們查看一下源碼：
View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, AttributeSet attrs) {
if (name.equals("view")) {
name = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, "class");
}
if (DEBUG) System.out.println("******** Creating view: " + name);
try {
View view;
if (mFactory2 != null) view = mFactory2.onCreateView(parent, name, mContext, attrs);
else if (mFactory != null) view = mFactory.onCreateView(name, mContext, attrs);
else view = null;
if (view == null && mPrivateFactory != null) {
view = mPrivateFactory.onCreateView(parent, name, mContext, attrs);
}
if (view == null) {
if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')) {
view = onCreateView(parent, name, attrs);
} else {
view = createView(name, null, attrs);
}
}
if (DEBUG) System.out.println("Created view is: " + view);
return view;
} catch (InflateException e) {
throw e;
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
InflateException ie = new InflateException(attrs.getPositionDescription()
+ ": Error inflating class " + name);
ie.initCause(e);
throw ie;
} catch (Exception e) {
InflateException ie = new InflateException(attrs.getPositionDescription()
+ ": Error inflating class " + name);
ie.initCause(e);
throw ie;
}
}
裡面根據不同情況，調用了onCreateView方法，利用反射來創建view。其中可以使用指定的factory來創建view，這樣的鉤子設計使得inflate方法變得十分靈活。
然後調用rInflate(parser, temp, attrs, true)方法來遞歸查找temp中的子view，並添加到上層view中：
void rInflate(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, final AttributeSet attrs,
boolean finishInflate) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
final int depth = parser.getDepth();
int type;
while (((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_TAG ||
parser.getDepth() > depth) && type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
continue;
}
final String name = parser.getName();
if (TAG_REQUEST_FOCUS.equals(name)) {
parseRequestFocus(parser, parent);
} else if (TAG_INCLUDE.equals(name)) {
if (parser.getDepth() == 0) {
throw new InflateException("<include /> cannot be the root element");
}
parseInclude(parser, parent, attrs);
} else if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
throw new InflateException("<merge /> must be the root element");
} else if (TAG_1995.equals(name)) {
final View view = new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs);
final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;
final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
rInflate(parser, view, attrs, true);
viewGroup.addView(view, params);
} else {
final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, name, attrs);
final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;
final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
rInflate(parser, view, attrs, true);
viewGroup.addView(view, params);
}
}
if (finishInflate) parent.onFinishInflate();
}
裡面也用到onCreateView方法創建子view，然後將其加入到父view中返回。
通過查看上面的源碼，我們可以發現inflate方法中的三個參數int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot的作用如下：
resource指定了要加載的view，root作為view外面一層的父容器，attachToRoot表示是否將view加入到父容器。
當指定了父容器，並且attachToRoot為true，則將view加入到父容器中。
如果指定了父容器，卻將attachToRoot設置為false，那麼只是從父容器中生成了view布局的參數並設置給view
當未指定父容器時，直接返回view本身。
總結
通過研究LayoutInflater源碼的設計，我們了解到代碼的執行細節的同時，也可以發現：
LayoutInflater創建view對象時候使用了簡單工廠模式，並通過加入鉤子方法，利用抽象工廠模式讓coder可以使用自定義的工廠方法來創建view。
更多Android相關信息見Android 專題頁面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=11
