Python腳本示例[命令行參數，函數，判定，退出等]

第一次根據需求寫腳本

第一個版本，用於通用的數據轉換

原數據為需要構造目標格式裡面的幾個字段，用某分隔符分開

目標數據為用指定分隔符分割的字段，源文件字段填充其間，其他字段為0

主要涉及命令行參數的處理和文件操作

1. #!/usr/bin/python
2. # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
3. #dataformat.py
4. #this script change data from your source to the dest data format
6. import os,getopt,sys
8. #read file ,return lines of the file
9. def read_file(path):
10. f = open(path,"r")
11. lines = f.readlines()
12. f.close()
13. return lines
15. #process one line
16. #now according to the order of to and the source file line order
17. #change to a more flexable way
18. def one_line_proc(parts,total,to,outsp):
19. toindex = 0
20. outline=""
21. for i in range(1,total+1):
22. if toindex!=len(to) and i==to[toindex]:
23. outline+=parts[toindex]
24. toindex+=1
25. else:
26. outline+="0"
27. if i!=total:
28. outline+=outsp
29. return outline
31. #hand from inpath to the outpath
32. def process(inpath,total,to,outpath,insp="\t",outsp="\t"):
33. lines = read_file(inpath)
34. f = open(outpath,"w")
35. result=[]
36. for line in lines:
37. parts = line.strip("\n").split(insp)
38. if len(parts) == len(to):
39. outline = one_line_proc(parts,total,to,outsp)
40. result.append(outline+"\n")
41. f.writelines(result)
42. f.close()
45. def main():
46. try:
47. opts,args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:],"F:P:t:a:i:o:")
48. if len(opts) < 3:
49. print("the mount of params must great equal than 3")
50. sys.exit(1)
51. for op,value in opts:
52. if op == "-i":
53. inpath = value
54. elif op == "-o":
55. outpath = value
56. elif op == "-t":
57. total = int(value)
58. elif op == "-a":
59. to = value.split(",")
60. elif op == "-F":
61. insp = value.decode("string_escape")
62. elif op == "-P":
63. outsp = value.decode("string_escape")
64. #print(opts)
65. #print(args)
66. except getopt.GetoptError:
67. print("params are not defined well!")
70. if 'outpath' not in dir():
71. outpath = inpath+".dist"
73. if 'inpath' not in dir():
74. print("-i param is needed,input file path must define!")
75. sys.exit(1)
77. if 'total' not in dir():
78. print("-t param is needed,the fields of result file must define!")
79. sys.exit(1)
81. if 'to' not in dir():
82. print("-a param is needed,must assign the field to put !")
83. sys.exit(1)
85. if not os.path.exists(inpath):
86. print("file : %s is not exists"%inpath)
87. sys.exit(1)
89. tmp=[]
90. for st in to:
91. tmp.append(int(st))
92. to=tmp
95. if 'insp' in dir() and 'outsp' in dir():
96. #print("path a")
97. process(inpath,total,to,outpath,insp,outsp)
98. elif 'insp' in dir():
99. #print("path b")
100. process(inpath,total,to,outpath,insp)
101. elif 'outsp' in dir():
102. #print("path c")
103. process(inpath,total,to,outpath,outsp=outsp)
104. else:
105. #print("path d")
106. process(inpath,total,to,outpath)
108. #if __name__ =="__main__":
109. main()