Python實踐——datetime日期操作腳本

Python實踐——datetime日期操作腳本,最近需要做一些日期的操作，寫了一個腳本.

1. #!/usr/bin/python
2. # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
3. #countDays.py
4. # version 0.10 edited by lingyue.wkl 20110819 11:00:00
5. # version 0.11 modified by lingyue.wkl 20110820 11:37:00 add functions for days list
6. #this script count days,between two date or one date and the days between them
8. #考慮下，很多方法可以抽象出來，進一步優化，先期先實現功能吧
9. #下一個版本 改進所有函數，優化之，抽象之
12. import time,getopt,sys,datetime
14. def date_to_str(in_date):
15. return str(in_date)[:10]
16. #計算兩個日期之間相隔天數
17. def get_count_between_two_date(begin_date,end_date):
18. b_date = begin_date.split("-")
19. b_date = [int(num) for num in b_date]
20. b_date_time = datetime.datetime(b_date[0],b_date[1],b_date[2])
22. e_date = end_date.split("-")
23. e_date = [int(num) for num in e_date]
24. e_date_time = datetime.datetime(e_date[0],e_date[1],e_date[2])
26. return (e_date_time - b_date_time).days
28. #計算某個日期前n天是哪一天 默認日期是今天
29. def get_n_days_before_or_after_oneday(n_days,in_date=str(datetime.date.today())[:10]):
30. begin_date = in_date.split("-")
31. begin_date = [int(num) for num in begin_date]
32. return str(datetime.datetime(begin_date[0],begin_date[1],begin_date[2]) + datetime.timedelta(days=n_days))[:10]
35. def get_year():
36. return str(datetime.date.today())[:4]
38. def get_month():
39. return str(datetime.date.today())[5:7]
41. def get_day():
42. return str(datetime.date.today())[8:]
44. def get_now():
45. return datetime.datetime.now()
47. def get_today():
48. return datetime.date.today()
50. def get_yesterday():
51. return get_n_days_before_or_after_oneday(-1,str(datetime.date.today())[:10])
53. def get_tomorrow():
54. return get_n_days_before_or_after_oneday(1,str(datetime.date.today())[:10])
56. #兩個日期之間 n天的日期列表
58. def get_n_daystimes_list_of_two_date(begin_date,end_date):
59. b_date = begin_date.split("-")
60. b_date = [int(num) for num in b_date]
61. b_date_time = datetime.datetime(b_date[0],b_date[1],b_date[2])
63. e_date = end_date.split("-")
64. e_date = [int(num) for num in e_date]
65. e_date_time = datetime.datetime(e_date[0],e_date[1],e_date[2])
67. days = (e_date_time - b_date_time).days
68. n_days_list = []
69. for i in range(0,days+1):
70. n_days_list.append(str(b_date_time + datetime.timedelta(days=i)))
71. return n_days_list
73. def get_n_days_list_of_two_date(begin_date,end_date):
74. return [str(day)[:10] for day in get_n_daystimes_list_of_two_date(begin_date,end_date)]
76. def get_n_dayswiththreetimes_list_of_two_date(begin_date,end_date):
77. days = get_n_days_list_of_two_date(begin_date,end_date)
78. days_three_time_list = []
79. for day in days:
80. for i in range(0,3):
81. if i == 0:
82. days_three_time_list.append(day+" 00:00:00")
83. elif i == 1:
84. days_three_time_list.append(day+" 12:00:00")
85. else:
86. days_three_time_list.append(day+" 23:59:59")
87. return days_three_time_list
89. #某個日期之前n天 所有日期列表
91. def get_n_daystimes_list_before_or_after_one_day(n_days,end_date=str(datetime.date.today())[:10]):
92. begin_date = get_n_days_before_or_after_oneday(n_days,end_date)
93. return get_n_daystimes_list_of_two_date(begin_date,end_date)
95. def get_n_days_list_before_or_after_one_day(n_days,end_date=str(datetime.date.today())[:10]):
96. begin_date = get_n_days_before_or_after_oneday(n_days,end_date)
97. return get_n_days_list_of_two_date(begin_date,end_date)
99. def get_n_dayswiththreetimes_list_before_or_after_one_day(n_days,end_date=str(datetime.date.today())[:10]):
100. begin_date = get_n_days_before_or_after_oneday(n_days,end_date)
101. return get_n_dayswiththreetimes_list_of_two_date(begin_date,end_date)
103. def help_msg():
104. print("功能：日期相關操作")
105. print("選項:")
106. print("\t 默認，無選項，輸出當天日期，格式2011-08-20")
107. print("\t -y [可選，輸出當前年份]")
108. print("\t -m [可選，輸出當前月份]")
109. print("\t -d [可選，輸出當前日]")
110. print("\t -n +-數字 [可選，計算當前日期前後多少天的日期，數字為負表示往前]")
111. print("\t -f 2011-10-22[可選,指定坐標日期，即以指定日期開始計算,若不指定，坐標日期為當天]")
112. print("\t -t 2011-10-25 [可選，目標日期，可用於計算兩個日期相隔天數]")
113. print("\t -l [1|2|3] [可選，是否列表，若選定，輸出日期間的所有序列，1 2 3 代表三種不同格式]")
114. sys.exit(0)
116. def print_list(l):
117. for i in l:
118. print(i)
119. #print(get_year())
120. #print(get_month())
121. #print(get_day())
122. #print(get_now())
123. #print(get_today())
124. #print(get_yesterday())
125. #print(get_tomorrow())
126. #print(get_n_days_before_or_after_oneday(2,"2011-08-20"))
127. #print(get_n_daystimes_list_of_two_date("2011-08-01","2011-08-05"))
128. #print(get_n_days_list_of_two_date("2011-08-01","2011-08-05"))
129. #print(get_n_dayswiththreetimes_list_of_two_date("2011-08-01","2011-08-05"))
130. #print(get_n_daystimes_list_before_or_after_ond_day(-5,"2011-08-20"))
131. #print(get_n_days_list_before_or_after_ond_day(-5,"2011-08-20"))
132. #print(get_n_dayswiththreetimes_list_before_or_after_ond_day(-5,"2011-08-20"))
134. #程序入口，讀入參數，執行
135. def main():
136. is_list = False
137. try:
138. opts,args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:],"n:f:t:o:ymdhrl:")
140. if len(opts) == 0:
141. print(get_today())
142. sys.exit(0)
144. for op,value in opts:
145. if op in ("-h","-H","--help"):
146. help_msg()
147. if op == "-y":
148. print(get_year())
149. sys.exit(0)
150. elif op == "-m":
151. print(get_month())
152. sys.exit(0)
153. elif op == "-d":
154. print(get_day())
155. sys.exit(0)
156. elif op == "-n":
157. n_days = int(value)
158. elif op == "-f":
159. from_date = value
160. elif op == "-t":
161. to_date = value
162. elif op == "-l":
163. is_list = True
164. list_type = value
166. except getopt.GetoptError:
167. print(sys.argv[0]+" : params are not defined well!")
169. #if "n_days" not in dir() and "from_date" not in dir() and "to_date" not in dir():
170. # print(result_str)
172. if "n_days" in dir() and "from_date" not in dir() and "to_date" not in dir():
173. if not is_list:
174. print(get_n_days_before_or_after_today(n_days))
175. else:
176. if list_type == "1":
177. result_list = get_n_days_list_before_or_after_one_day(n_days)
178. elif list_type == "2":
179. result_list = get_n_daystimes_list_before_or_after_one_day(n_days)
180. elif list_type == "3":
181. result_list = get_n_dayswiththreetimes_list_before_or_after_one_day(n_days)
182. print_list(result_list)
184. if "n_days" in dir() and "from_date" in dir() and "to_date" not in dir():
185. if not is_list:
186. print(get_n_days_before_or_after_oneday(n_days,from_date))
187. else:
188. if list_type == "1":
189. result_list = get_n_days_list_before_or_after_one_day(n_days,from_date)
190. elif list_type == "2":
191. result_list = get_n_daystimes_list_before_or_after_one_day(n_days,from_date)
192. elif list_type == "3":
193. result_list = get_n_dayswiththreetimes_list_before_or_after_one_day(n_days,from_date)
194. print_list(result_list)
197. if "n_days" not in dir() and "from_date" in dir() and "to_date" in dir():
198. if not is_list:
199. print(get_count_between_two_date(from_date,to_date))
200. else:
201. if list_type == "1":
202. result_list = get_n_days_list_of_two_date(from_date,to_date)
203. elif list_type == "2":
204. result_list = get_n_daystimes_list_of_two_date(from_date,to_date)
205. elif list_type == "3":
206. result_list = get_n_dayswiththreetimes_list_of_two_date(from_date,to_date)
207. print_list(result_list)
211. main()