Linux性能測試、監控、優化是一個持續的過程,上圖為LinuxCon上Brendan D. Gregg分享的Linux benchmarking tools
示 意圖,涵蓋面十分廣泛。我們可以通過成熟的監控方案如BMC Patrol,Zabbix來捕獲大部分信息,在實際工作中我們會經常關注I/O性能,一般可以使用dd/ORION/IOzone做簡單的測試,如果需 要獲取更加全面詳細的報告可以使用nmon,本文將主要介紹Super PI /dd/nmon三種簡單而有效的監測方法。
CPU | Memory | I/O | Network 一個都不能少
cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep "model name"|uniq|cut -f2 -d: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2650 v2 @ 2.60GHz
計算時間越短越好
time echo "scale=500;4*a(1)"|bc -l -q 3.141592653589793238462643383279502884197169399375105820974944592307\ 81640628620899862803482534211706798214808651328230664709384460955058\ 22317253594081284811174502841027019385211055596446229489549303819644\ 28810975665933446128475648233786783165271201909145648566923460348610\ 45432664821339360726024914127372458700660631558817488152092096282925\ 40917153643678925903600113305305488204665213841469519415116094330572\ 70365759591953092186117381932611793105118548074462379962749567351885\ 75272489122793818301194912 real 0m0.081s user 0m0.076s sys 0m0.000s
每次做讀寫測試前建議先清空緩存
sync; echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
選擇測試磁盤,建議做2-3組取平均值
hdparm -t /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing buffered disk reads: 1074 MB in 3.00 seconds = 357.92 MB/sec
根據業務選擇不同的BlockSize大小按需多次測試取平均值
time dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/speed bs=1M count=2K conv=fsync;rm /tmp/speed
以10,000 rpm 300 GB SAS硬盤為例,機型為IBM x3650 M4,Raid參數如下
1.Read Policy:Ahead (控制器緩存讀策略:預讀) 2.Write Policy:Write Back with BBU(控制器緩存寫策略:有電池備份時回寫) 3.IO Policy: Direct(IO策略:直接) 4.Drive Cache:disable (硬盤緩存:禁用)
建議根據實際需求配置間隔時間和次數,配合
nmon Analyser
可以顯示直觀的圖表數據#author: OX #function: monitor system information #time:2015/03/06 #crontab -e #0 0 * * * sh /tmp/nmon/nmon.sh >/dev/null 2>&1 npath=/tmp/nmon/log # monitoring per 120 senonds #nmon -s 120 -c 720 -f -m $npath # monitoring per 300 senonds /tmp/nmon/nmon_x86_sles11 -s 300 -c 288 -f -m $npath #delete file before 365 day #find /tmp -name *.nmon -mtime +365 -exec rm {} \;