剛買了一個4G的TF卡，居然在我的智能山寨機coolo818上不能使用，因為coolo818最大支持2G的卡。於是，就想把高容量的SD卡格成兩個2G的盤片來用。
在 Fedora 8下，將一張4G的TF卡(MicroSD),格成兩個2G的分區，一個主分區，一個邏輯分區。
ps：SD卡有TF卡（現在通稱MicroSD），SD卡，MiniSD卡,SDHC等多種，長的不一樣；除此之外，還有一種MMC卡。
指令：fdisk
用途：觀察硬盤之實體使用情形與分割硬盤用。
使用方法：
一、在 console 上輸入 fdisk -l /dev/sdb ，觀察硬盤之實體使用情形。
二、在 console 上輸入 fdisk /dev/sdb，可進入分割硬盤模式。
1. 輸入 m 顯示所有命令列示。
2. 輸入 p 顯示硬盤分割情形。
3. 輸入 a 設定硬盤啟動區。
4. 輸入 n 設定新的硬盤分割區。
4.1. 輸入 e 硬盤為[延伸]分割區(extend)。
4.2. 輸入 p 硬盤為[主要]分割區(primary)。
5. 輸入 t 改變硬盤分割區屬性。
6. 輸入 d 刪除硬盤分割區屬性。
7. 輸入 q 結束不存入硬盤分割區屬性。
8. 輸入 w 結束並寫入硬盤分割區屬性。
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb #插入讀卡器，在我電腦上顯示是sdb,以下黑字為鍵入部分
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 189513.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Command (m for help): m #help
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): p #查看
Disk /dev/sdb: 4075 MB, 4075290624 bytes
7 heads, 6 sectors/track, 189513 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 42 * 512 = 21504 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 93007 1953144 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/sdb2 93008 189513 2026626 f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sdb5 93008 189513 2026623 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 1 #刪除1分區，因為之前我已經分成兩個區了，所以現在演示時顯示有兩個分區，總之，先刪掉
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 2 #刪除2分區
Command (m for help): d
No partition is defined yet!
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 4075 MB, 4075290624 bytes
7 heads, 6 sectors/track, 189513 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 42 * 512 = 21504 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
#以上為刪除原有的分區
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-189513, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-189513, default 189513): +2048M
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): L
0 Empty 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot
1 FAT12 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
6 FAT16 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
7 HPFS/NTFS 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee EFI GPT
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fd Linux raid auto
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fe LANstep
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid ff BBT
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-189513, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-189513, default 189513): +2048M
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): L
0 Empty 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot
1 FAT12 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
6 FAT16 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
7 HPFS/NTFS 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee EFI GPT
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fd Linux raid auto
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fe LANstep
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid ff BBT
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX
Hex code (type L to list codes): c
Changed system type of partition 1 to c (W95 FAT32 (LBA))
#以上為建2G的主分區，W95 FAT32 (LBA)類型
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (95240-189513, default 95240):
Using default value 95240
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (95240-189513, default 189513):
Using default value 189513
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-5): 2
Hex code (type L to list codes): f
Changed system type of partition 2 to f (W95 Ext'd (LBA))
#以上為創建擴展分區，類型為W95 Ext'd (LBA)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (95240-189513, default 95240):
Using default value 95240
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (95240-189513, default 189513):
Using default value 189513
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-5): 5
Hex code (type L to list codes): c
Changed system type of partition 5 to c (W95 FAT32 (LBA))
#以上為創建邏輯驅動器在擴展分區上，類型為W95 FAT32 (LBA)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 4075 MB, 4075290624 bytes
7 heads, 6 sectors/track, 189513 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 42 * 512 = 21504 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 95239 2000016 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/sdb2 95240 189513 1979754 f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sdb5 95240 189513 1979751 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
Command (m for help): w #保存
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 設備或資源忙.
The kernel still uses the old table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
WARNING: If you have created or modified any DOS 6.x
partitions, please see the fdisk manual page for additional
information.
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# find /dev/sdb*
/dev/sdb
/dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb2
/dev/sdb5
mkfs.vfat: /dev/sdb1 contains a mounted file system.
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.vfat /dev/sdb1
mkfs.vfat 2.11 (12 Mar 2005)
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.vfat /dev/sdb5
mkfs.vfat 2.11 (12 Mar 2005)
[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt
[root@localhost mnt]# mkdir sd1 sd5
[root@localhost mnt]# mount /dev/sdb1 sd1
[root@localhost mnt]# mount /dev/sdb5 sd5
----------------------------------------------------------
#一下是兩個2G的分區合並成一個4G的，方法類似，不在累述。
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 189513.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 4075 MB, 4075290624 bytes
7 heads, 6 sectors/track, 189513 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 42 * 512 = 21504 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 95239 2000016 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/sdb2 95240 189513 1979754 f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sdb5 95240 189513 1979751 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 1
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 2
Command (m for help): d
No partition is defined yet!
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 4075 MB, 4075290624 bytes
7 heads, 6 sectors/track, 189513 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 42 * 512 = 21504 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-189513, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-189513, default 189513):
Using default value 189513
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): c
Changed system type of partition 1 to c (W95 FAT32 (LBA))
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 設備或資源忙.
The kernel still uses the old table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
WARNING: If you have created or modified any DOS 6.x
partitions, please see the fdisk manual page for additional
information.
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.vfat /dev/sdb1
mkfs.vfat 2.11 (12 Mar 2005)
