本文假設已經架設好或者新安裝了一台FREEBSD系統主機. 本文中引用了很多FREEBSD官方站數據及網上數據,還有更多的是自己在實際工作中的經驗,當然,裡面的參數並不一定完全適合您,所以請您在使用時,盡可能根據您的實際需要調整一些參數,使您的SERVER的性能完全的發揮出來.本文只是一個總的線索,如果我要拆開來一個一個詳細解釋,我想會花更多的篇幅來寫的,因為我忙著04年1月的自考,只寫了實際中的運作情況,請各位朋友見諒.
升級源碼樹
安裝cvsup
進入:/usr/ports/net/cvsup
make clean
make deinstall
make install
make clean
即可
升級系統源碼樹及ports
更新/usr/share/examples/cvsup目錄下stand-cvsup和ports-cvsup文件,並執行cvsup –g –L2 standard-supfile和cvsup –g –L2 ports-cvsup兩個文件,升級ports樹﹔
重新編譯內核
優化編譯環境
更新/etc/make.conf文件,做適當的編譯優化,我的CPU是Intel的:
CPUTYPE=i686
CFLAGS= -O3 -pipe
COPTFLAGS= -O3 -pipe
升級操作系統
進入/usr/src
執行make world
整個過程很久,需要2小時左右.
升級配置文件
執行mergemaster升級配置文件,在此過程中,需要按i以便系統執行升級﹔
重新編譯內核
到/sys/i386/conf裡面,cp GENERIC onlinecq,再vi onlinecq優化內核,注意加入下面的內容
#disable ctrl+alt+delete
options SC_DISABLE_REBOOT
#quota limit
options QUOTA
#ipfw support
options IPFIREWALL
options DUMMYNET
options HZ=3000
options IPDIVERT
options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE
options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE_LIMIT=100
options IPSTEALTH
options TCP_DROP_SYNFIN
options IPFIREWALL_DEFAULT_TO_ACCEPT
options ICMP_BANDLIM
options ACCEPT_FILTER_DATA
options ACCEPT_FILTER_HTTP
#ipfilter support
#options IPFILTER
#options IPFILTER_LOG
#options IPFILTER_DEFAULT_BLOCK
再執行:
/usr/sbin/config onlinecq
cd ../../compile/onlinecq
make depend
make
make install
重新啟動服務器
到此為止,服務器操作系統及內核升級成功
reboot
優化FREEBSD
檢查升級情況, 使用ssh進入系統,使用uname –a 可以查到是否升級成功﹔
打開防火牆
更新rc.conf裡面的設置,加上:
#enable_quotas="YES"
#check_quotas="YES"
firewall_enable="YES"
firewall_script="/etc/rc.firewall"
firewall_type="/etc/ipfw.rules" #create it!
firewall_quiet="NO"
firewall_logging_enable="YES"
log_in_vain="NO"
tcp_drop_synfin="NO"
tcp_restrict_rst="YES"
icmp_drop_redirect="YES"
優化內核參數
修改系統內核參數,實現微調:vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kern.ipc.somaxconn=8192
kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=2097152
kern.maxfilesperproc=32768
kern.maxfiles=65536
kern.securelevel=-1
net.inet.tcp.sendspace=65536
net.inet.tcp.recvspace=32768
net.inet.udp.maxdgram=57344
net.inet.icmp.drop_redirect=1
net.inet.icmp.log_redirect=0
net.inet.ip.redirect=0
net.inet6.ip6.redirect=0
net.inet.icmp.icmplim=100
net.inet.tcp.always_keepalive=0
net.inet.tcp.delayed_ack=0
net.inet.tcp.log_in_vain=0
net.inet.udp.log_in_vain=0
net.inet.tcp.blackhole=2
net.inet.udp.blackhole=1
net.local.stream.sendspace=65535
net.local.stream.recvspace=32768
net.inet.ip.fastforwarding=1
vfs.vmiodirenable=1
安裝防火牆
防火牆在上面已經編譯入了內核,並且在上面的rc.conf裡面已經打開了,所以在此只要設置一下即可! 允許所有IP通過,免得把自己給擋在外面了. ipfw add all from any to any 其它規則根據實際情況來做,如果您想系統每次啟動都使用上一次的規則,可以把這些內容加到: vi /etc/ipfw.rules 裡面,語法規則同ipfw.
安裝數據庫MYSQL
安裝mysql40-server和mysql40-client
進入/usr/ports/databases/mysql40-server
執行:
make clean
make deinstall
make WITH_OPENSSL=yes WITH_LINUXTHREADS=yes BUILD_OPTIMIZED=yes install
或者使用下面可參考的編譯參數:BUILD_STATIC=yes
編譯成靜態執行版本
make clean
更改mysql的root密碼:
mysqladmin –uroot –p password 123456
生成/etc/my.cnf,使用如下命令:
vi /etc/my.cnf
[client]
#password = your_password
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
skip-innodb
skip-locking
skip-networking
set-variable = port=3306
set-variable = socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
set-variable = back_log=50
set-variable = connect_timeout=3
set-variable = key_buffer=128M
set-variable = max_connections=1000
set-variable = max_allowed_packet=1M
set-variable = net_buffer_length=8K
set-variable = wait_timeout=3
set-variable = read_buffer_size=1M
set-variable = sort_buffer_size=1M
set-variable = table_cache=256
set-variable = myisam_sort_buffer_size=32M
set-variable = log_slow_queries=/var/log/log_slow_queries.log
#log-bin
server-id = 1
[mysqldump]
quick
set-variable = max_allowed_packet=16M
再修改/usr/local/etc/pure-ftpd.conf的如下部份為:
NoAnonymous yes
MySQLConfigFile /usr/local/etc/pureftpd-mysql.conf
再修改/usr/local/etc/pureftpd-mysql.conf的如下部份為您的設定值:
# Mandatory : user to bind the server as.
MYSQLUser demo
# Mandatory : user password. You must have a password.
MYSQLPassword demo
# Mandatory : database to open.
MYSQLDatabase demo
再進入使用mysql –uroot –p123456 進入mysql的文本方式﹔
使用如下命令建立新表:
use system;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS users;
CREATE TABLE users (
User varchar(16) NOT NULL default '',
status enum('0','1') NOT NULL default '0',
Password varchar(64) NOT NULL default '',
Uid varchar(11) NOT NULL default '-1',
Gid varchar(11) NOT NULL default '-1',
Dir varchar(128) NOT NULL default '',
ULBandwidth smallint(5) NOT NULL default '0',
DLBandwidth smallint(5) NOT NULL default '0',
comment tinytext NOT NULL,
ipaccess varchar(15) NOT NULL default '*',
QuotaSize smallint(5) NOT NULL default '0',
QuotaFiles int(11) NOT NULL default 0,
PRIMARY KEY (User),
UNIQUE KEY User (User)
) TYPE=MyISAM;
安裝pureftpd_php_manager
下載pureftpd_php_manager.zip
解壓並放到指定的目錄裡面,比如:
/usr/local/www/data
chmod –R 755 /usr/local/www/data/pureftpd_php_manager
再加入一個普通用戶和一個群組,以供ftp使用:
pw groupadd ftpusers
pw useradd ftpuser –g ftpusers –s /sbin/nologin
記住他們的uid和gid號,備用!
進入並編輯pureftp.config.php文件
更改裡面的如下行:
$PUREFTP_CONFIG_FILE = '/usr/local/etc/pureftpd-mysql.conf';^M
$DefaultUser = "ftpuser"; # Default User Logon^M
$DefaultPass = ""; # Default User Password^M
$DefaultUid = "1002"; # Default User ID ( must be a re
al user acct )^M
$DefaultGid = "1001"; # Default Group ID ( must be a r
eal group acct )^M
$DefaultDir = "/home"; # Default User Dir ( use
/./ at the end to chroot )^M
$DefaultUL = "0"; # Default Upload Throttl
e ( 0 disables it )^M
$DefaultDL = "0"; # Default Download Throt
tle ( 0 disables it )^M
$Defaultip = "*"; # Default IP restriction
s ( * = any IP )^M
$DefaultQS = "200"; # Default Quota Size ( 0 disable
s it )^M
$Defaultcmt = ""; # Default Comment for us
er^M
^M
// UA^M
$DefaultQF = "0"; # Default Quota Files ( 0 disabl
