先說一下SpringMVC+Spring+Hibernate 框架整合實例流程思路:
流程講解1:
首先訪問會先定位到控制器。這就用到了過濾器配置文件“spring-mvc.xml”。這個文件負責定義控制器的包路徑、視圖的格式等。
其次從“控制器->service層->dao層”,期間用的都是spring的依賴注入,所以就需要一個bean容器配置文件,將所有的“等待被注入的類”在xml文件裡申明一下。這個xml文件就是“spring-beans.xml”。
之後,dao層要操作entity裡面的持久化類。dao必須通過sessionFactory裡面的session才能操作持久化類。於是需要一個xml文件配置sessionFactory類,這個sessionFactory作為一個bean,可被注入到dao層。這個文件還需要將“entity裡面所有的持久化類”申明出來。這個文件就是“spring-hibernate.xml”。
最後將這些xml配置文件全部在web.xml裡面加載。
流程講解2:
通過url地址,定位到控制器的具體方法。
之後控制器調用service層的實例做點什麼(service層的實例是注入進來的)並且返回一個jsp頁面。
service層的實例再調用dao層的實例做點什麼(dao層的實例是注入進來的)。
dao層是底層數據層,dao層的實例通過sessionFactory來創建一個session操作具體的持久化類對象(sessionFactory對象是被注入進來的)對數據庫進行“增刪查改”等操作。
流程講解3:
這個實例具體干的事是:UserDaoImpl從數據庫裡查詢出用戶信息列表,並將用戶信息列表返回給UserServiceImpl。
UserServiceImpl經過處理得到某一個用戶的用戶名,並將用戶名返回給控制器。
控制器再將這個用戶名打印出來,然後調用一下視圖jsp文件。
結構如下:
pom.xml:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- $Id: pom.xml 642118 2008-03-28 08:04:16Z reinhard $ -->
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>java-ssh-demo3</name>
<groupId>java-ssh-demo</groupId>
<artifactId>java-ssh-demo3</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<!--項目依賴 -->
<dependencies>
<!--日志包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency>
<!--j2ee相關包 servlet、jsp、jstl-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring相關包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--其他需要的包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- hibernate內置日志記錄所需包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency>
<!--mariadb驅動-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId>
<artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId>
<version>1.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 代碼生成類庫 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>cglib</groupId>
<artifactId>cglib-nodep</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--hibernate包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.2.6.Final</version>
</dependency>
<!--hibernate校驗器-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>5.2.4.Final</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>maven-springmvc</finalName>
<resources>
<!--表示把java目錄下的有關xml文件,properties文件編譯/打包的時候放在resource目錄下-->
<resource>
<directory>${basedir}/src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>${basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<!--servlet容器 jetty插件-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>9.3.10.v20160621</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<display-name>java-springmvc-demo5</display-name>
<!-- 配置Spring -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:config/spring-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--listener用於在Web 應用啟動時,啟動某些後台程序,此處啟動的是spring-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--定義入口類DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 默認的servlet.xml文件是放在WEB-INF目錄下,名稱與<servlet-name>的名字要相關。但可以通過以下設置重新自定義servlet.xml配置文件的位置和名稱。-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:config/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--歡迎頁面-->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 設置OpenSessionInViewFilter 的過濾器,由 Spring 來控制 Hibernate 的 Session 在請求來的時候開啟,走的時候關閉 -->
<!--如果配置聲明式事務也可以不需要配置這個。-->
<filter>
<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
spring-mvc.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 啟動時自動掃描該包下所有的Bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="pers.cly.ssh_demo3.controller" />
<!-- 添加注解驅動 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!--所有的訪問都統一先由InternalResourceViewResolver類處理-->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!--定義跳轉的文件的前綴(jsp文件所在目錄)-->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<!-- 定義跳轉的文件的後綴 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
spring-beans.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--啟動時自動掃描該包下所有的Bean-->
<context:component-scan base-package="pers.cly.ssh_demo3" />
<!--注冊一個UserDaoImpl對象,實例名為“userDao”-->
<bean id="userDao" class="pers.cly.ssh_demo3.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl"/>
<!--注冊一個UserServiceImpl對象,實例名為“userService”-->
<bean id="userService" class="pers.cly.ssh_demo3.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"/>
</beans>
spring-hibernate.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd ">
<!-- 聲明事務管理器 -->
<bean id="myHibTxManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 定義事務通知 -->
<tx:advice id="tx_Advice" transaction-manager="myHibTxManager">
<!-- 定義事務傳播規則 -->
<tx:attributes>
<!-- 對get/load/search開頭的方法應用只讀事務規則 -->
<tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="load*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="search*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<!-- 對其他方法應用REQUIRED事務規則 -->
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!--<aop:config>-->
<!--<!– 對com.zxpm.biz包下的所有類的所有方法都應用事務規則 –>-->
<!--<aop:pointcut id="bizMethods"-->
<!--expression="execution(* cn.zifangsky.service.*.*(..))" />-->
<!--<!– 將事務通知和切面組合 –>-->
<!--<aop:advisor advice-ref="tx_Advice" pointcut-ref="bizMethods" />-->
<!--</aop:config>-->
<!-- 配置數據源 -->
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mariadb://localhost:3306/daixu"></property>
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="123"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="packagesToScan">
<list>
<!-- 申明entity中所有持久化類 -->
<value>pers.cly.ssh_demo3.entity</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
HelloController.java:
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import pers.cly.ssh_demo3.service.UserService;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@Controller//該注解用來識別控制器
@RequestMapping("hello")//該注解用來控制url書寫時,控制器的選擇
public class HelloController {
@Resource(name="userService") // 獲取spring配置文件中bean的id為userService的具體實現類,並注入
private UserService userServiceImpl;//service層的用戶接口類。
@RequestMapping("helloworld")//該注解用來控制url書寫時,具體方法的選擇(還可以綁定參數等)
public String helloworld() {
System.out.print("用戶姓名:"+userServiceImpl.select_user_name());//調用接口方法獲取用戶姓名,打印用戶姓名
return "hello_world";//跳轉到jsp頁面
}
}
UserService.java:
import pers.cly.ssh_demo3.entity.UserEntity;
/**
* Created by CLY on 2016/12/26.
*/
public interface UserService {
public String select_user_name();//這個方法負責查詢用戶姓名
}
UserServiceImpl.java:
import pers.cly.ssh_demo3.dao.UserDao;
import pers.cly.ssh_demo3.entity.UserEntity;
import pers.cly.ssh_demo3.service.UserService;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by CLY on 2016/12/26.
*/
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Resource(name = "userDao")//使用注解配置,將id為“userDao”的bean注入到“userDaoImpl”裡面
private UserDao userDaoImpl;//定義dao層的“接口”
@Override
public String select_user_name() {
String user_name="";
List<UserEntity> users = userDaoImpl.select_user();//通過接口方法,獲取用信息列表
for (UserEntity u : users) {//迭代列表,將裡面的最後一個用戶的姓名提取出來
user_name = u.getUserName();
}
return user_name;//返回用戶名
}
}
UserDao.java:
import pers.cly.ssh_demo3.entity.UserEntity;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by CLY on 2016/12/26.
*/
public interface UserDao {
public List<UserEntity> select_user();//將用戶信息查出,並返回用用戶持久化類列表
}
UserDaoImpl.java:
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.query.Query;
import pers.cly.ssh_demo3.dao.UserDao;
import pers.cly.ssh_demo3.entity.UserEntity;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by CLY on 2016/12/26.
*/
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
@Resource(name = "sessionFactory")
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;//注入sessionFactory
@Override
public List<UserEntity> select_user() {
String hql = "from UserEntity";//hql語句
Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
return query.list();
}
}
UserEntity.java是我用idea根據表自動生成,就不貼代碼了。
hello_world.jsp和index.jsp寫什麼隨意,也不貼代碼了。
之後用“http://localhost:8080/hello/helloworld”路徑可訪問出結果。